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Maghemite Nanorods and Nanospheres: Synthesis and Comparative Physical and Biological Properties

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Abstract

Hyperthermia treatment of different cancers based on magnetic nanoparticles has gained significant attention in recent years. In this work, biocompatible maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanorods were synthesized by dehydroxylation of lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) nanorods, using hydrolysis of ferrous salts in the presence of urea followed by calcination at 300 °C for 3 h. Maghemite nanospheres were also synthesized by oxidation of co-precipitated magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles, followed by heat treatment at 250 °C for 3 h. The samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometry, and field emission scanning electron microscopy techniques. Cell viability of nanorods and nanospheres before and after applying a magnetic field was studied by MTT assay on G292 cell lines as a candidate of osteosarcoma 2D-cultured model. The heating capacity of the rod-like and spherical magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) was evaluated under a magnetic field using a solid state induction heating equipment. Moreover, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) antibacterial activity of magnetic nanorods and nanospheres was investigated. The results showed that cell proliferation gradually increased in the presence of both maghemite nanorods and nanospheres compared to the control sample. However, cell viability decreased after applying hyperthermia treatment as indicative of cell apoptosis. Quantification of antibacterial properties also showed the MIC behavior of both nanoparticles at a concentration of 0.078 mg/ml.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Advanced Magnetic Materials Research Center, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    A. Yousefi, S.A. Seyyed Ebrahimi & A. Seyfoori

  2. Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

    A. Seyfoori

  3. Applied Microbiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    H. Mahmoodzadeh Hosseini

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  1. A. Yousefi
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  2. S.A. Seyyed Ebrahimi
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  3. A. Seyfoori
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  4. H. Mahmoodzadeh Hosseini
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Correspondence to S.A. Seyyed Ebrahimi.

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Yousefi, A., Seyyed Ebrahimi, S., Seyfoori, A. et al. Maghemite Nanorods and Nanospheres: Synthesis and Comparative Physical and Biological Properties. BioNanoSci. 8, 95–104 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-017-0431-1

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