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Delineation of groundwater potential zones and recommendation of artificial recharge structures for augmentation of groundwater resources in Vattamalaikarai Basin, South India

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Abstract

Nowadays, GIS and remote sensing techniques are effectively used to find groundwater prospect zones in various troublesome landscapes throughout the world. In the present work, groundwater potential zonation map** was carried out for the Vattamalaikarai River basin in South India by overlaying ten thematic maps such as soil, drainage density, lineament density, geology, slope, land use/land cover, geomorphology, topographic position index, rainfall and groundwater level by giving appropriate weightages to each significant parameter with respect to its influence on groundwater. As the basin mainly depends on the groundwater resources, it is necessary to assess the groundwater prospect for the better management of aquifer system. Groundwater potential zonation map illustrates that more than 50% of the basin region falls under moderate to low groundwater potential category. Highly influential thematic layers were integrated to generate groundwater recharge zonation map. Based on this output, artificial recharge sites were selected to replenish the groundwater resources in the basin. Three check dam sites were suggested across the third- and fourth-order streams. Four suitable sites for the construction of percolation ponds and ten locations for the construction of recharge pits were also identified. Four injection well sites were recommended to augment groundwater in the aquifer present under the black cotton soil regions in the western part of the basin.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, New Delhi (File No. SR/S4/ES-541/2010 dated 28.01.2015), for providing funds to carry out field work in Vattamalaikarai River basin, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geological Sub Division, Public Works Department (PWD), Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India

    S. Arya

  2. Department of Geology, CEG, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    T. Subramani

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    D. Karunanidhi

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  1. S. Arya
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Correspondence to T. Subramani.

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This article is a part of the Topical Collection in Environmental Earth Sciences on “Water in Large Basins” guest edited by Peiyue Li and Jianhua Wu.

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Arya, S., Subramani, T. & Karunanidhi, D. Delineation of groundwater potential zones and recommendation of artificial recharge structures for augmentation of groundwater resources in Vattamalaikarai Basin, South India. Environ Earth Sci 79, 102 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-020-8832-9

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