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Reduction of Salinity Stress in Wheat through Seed Bio-Priming with Mycorrhiza and Growth-Promoting Bacteria and its Effect on Physiological Traits and Plant Antioxidant Activity with Silicon Nanoparticles Application

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Abstract

The yield of crops is threatened significantly by environmental stresses in various parts of the world. So, the non-essential element silicon and seed priming with mycorrhiza and growth-promoting bacteria are known to improve plant fitness by alleviating the effects of environmental stress, particularly in crops. However, the potential role of the integrated application and their possible role in the exceptional tolerance of this variety of wheat to salinity have not been investigated. This project was designed to assess the potential role of silicon nanoparticles (Si-NPs) and bio-fertilizers in increasing wheat's tolerance to salinity stress by assessing antioxidant activity. The experiment was carried out as a factorial based on a randomized complete block design in greenhouse conditions. The experimental factors consisted of different levels of salt (0, 35, 70, and 105 mM), Si-NPs (0, 30, and 60 mg/L), and bio-fertilizers (control, mycorrhizal fungi, Flavobacterium, and Pseudomonas strain 18,798 bacteria, application of both bacteria and fungi). The results showed that, under salinity stress, the selected bio-fertilizers and Si-NPs enhanced plant leaf water potential (94.4%), soluble protein (58.61%), soluble sugar (57.54%), catalase (79%), peroxidase (95.87%), and polyphenol oxidase (90.93%) parameters. Both single and dual bio-fertilizers and Si-NPs application improved physiological parameters by stomatal conductance, electrical conductivity, electrolytic leakage and proline. Also, the highest grain yield and lowest malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide content were obtained in the combined application of bio-fertilizers and Si-NPs application (60 mg/L) under non-salinity stress. Therefore, obtained results indicated that Si-NPs and bio-fertilizers can improve wheat grain yield under salinity stress conditions by improving the physiological and biochemical traits.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to acknowledge the laboratory technicians of the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, and the Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan for technical support in preparing and testing of samples, Also, Prof. Sabry G. Elias of the Oregon State University and Dr. Mohammadreza moradi Telavet of the Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Iran; for their helpful advice on various technical issues examined in this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Production and Genetics, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

    Farnaz Ahmadi-Nouraldinvand & Raouf Seyed sharifi

  2. Department of Plant Production and Genetic Engineering, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran

    Seyed Ataollah Siadat

  3. Department of Plant Production and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

    Razieh Khalilzadeh

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  1. Farnaz Ahmadi-Nouraldinvand
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Farnaz Ahmadi-Nouraldinvand, Raouf seyed sharifi, Seyed Ataollah siadat and Razieh Khalilzadeh. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Farnaz Ahmadi-Nouraldinvand and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Farnaz Ahmadi-Nouraldinvand.

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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial. Interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. Consent for Publication All authors have expressed explicit consent to submit this manuscript for publication.

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This study has been supported by a research grant from the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili (Ardabil, Iran). (Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan and university of Urmia did not offer any financial or other forms of support). Also: the authors declare that no funds, grants, or additional support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Ahmadi-Nouraldinvand, F., sharifi, R.S., Siadat, S.A. et al. Reduction of Salinity Stress in Wheat through Seed Bio-Priming with Mycorrhiza and Growth-Promoting Bacteria and its Effect on Physiological Traits and Plant Antioxidant Activity with Silicon Nanoparticles Application. Silicon 15, 6813–6824 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-023-02552-x

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