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Remarks on Philine striatula Monterosato, 1874 ex Jeffreys ms., with a survey on Philinidae J.E. Gray, 1850 (1815) sensu lato (Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea) recently ascribed to the Mediterranean fauna

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Abstract

According to the most recently published articles and reviews, 17 extant species belonging to the family Philinidae J.E. Gray, 1850 (1815) sensu lato occur in the Mediterranean Sea. Among them, Philine striatula Monterosato, 1874 ex Jeffreys ms. is presumably the least known Mediterranean taxon and has a long history of published misidentifications until the present day. Based on the type material and recently collected samples from the eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea, we hereby redescribe its shell morphology and provide further data on its distribution. Within this framework, Philine calva van der Linden, 1995 is confirmed as a junior synonym of P. striatula, and Philine condensa van der Linden, 1995 is regarded as a distinct species. Furthermore, Philine zangherii Coen, 1948 is considered a junior synonym of Philine quadripartita Ascanius, 1772. Literature review also revealed that Mediterranean published occurrences of Philine finmarchica M. Sars, 1859 and Philine lima (T. Brown, 1827) were only based on misidentifications and unconfirmed records, several of which should be ascribed to P. striatula, and that Mediterranean occurrences of Philine condensa van der Linden, 1995 and Philine ventricosa (Jeffreys, 1865) are to be questioned, as more information is necessary to better evaluate their possible presence in the area. Despite limitations of morphological taxonomy and the need of a combined morphological-molecular approach to characterize Mediterranean morphospecies, the present paper lays basis on confirmed/unconfirmed occurrences of Philine taxa in the Mediterranean, and first describes intraspecific variability of a rare and problematic species.

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Acknowledgements

The core of the present paper is constituted by a report on the family Philinidae in the Mediterranean presented by one of us (LPT) at the “Quarto Convegno Malacologico Pontino” Sabaudia (Latina, Italy) - 2–3/10/2010, under the care of Bruno Fumanti (Museo del Mare e della Costa “Marcello Zei”, Sabaudia, Latina). Marco Oliverio (Rome, Italy) provided SEM photos. Paolo Crovato (Naples, Italy) authorised the reproduction of some photos published on Bollettino Malacologico (Italy). Claudio Manicastri, Vincenzo Vomero and the whole Scientific Staff of the ZMR (Rome, Italy) allowed in the 1990s the consultation of cephalaspidean lots hosted at the MTRS. Franco Gubbioli (Marbella, Malaga, Spain), Italo Nofroni (Rome, Italy) and Raimondo Villa (Anguillara Sabazia, Rome, Italy) provided material. Henk Mienis and Oz Rittner (Tel Aviv, Israel) provided photos and information on Philine zangherii. Ángel Valdés (Pomona, California), three anonymous referees and the associate editor kindly helped with observations that strengthened the original manuscript. We are grateful to all of them. This study was partially funded by the East and South European Network for Invasive Alien Species - a tool to support the management of alien species in Bulgaria (ESENIAS-TOOLS) (EEA funded - Contract No. Д-33-51/30.06.2015) (FC).

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  1. Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, GR-19013, Anavyssos, Greece

    Fabio Crocetta

  2. Via Elio Lampridio Cerva 100, I-00143, Rome, Italy

    Lionello Paolo Tringali

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Correspondence to Fabio Crocetta.

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Crocetta, F., Tringali, L.P. Remarks on Philine striatula Monterosato, 1874 ex Jeffreys ms., with a survey on Philinidae J.E. Gray, 1850 (1815) sensu lato (Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea) recently ascribed to the Mediterranean fauna. Mar Biodiv 48, 1499–1510 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0652-0

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