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Mechanically driven assembly of biomimetic 2D-material microtextures with bioinspired multifunctionality

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Abstract

Nature provides a wealth of bio-inspiration for advanced material research. Assembling various nanomaterials into biomimetic microtextures with bioinspired functionalities has spurred increasing research interests and facilitated technological advances in various applications. In recent years, two-dimensional materials (2DMs) have emerged as important building block units in the biomimicry field due to their distinct chemical, physical, electrical, electrochemical, and catalytic properties. In this review article, various mechanically driven assembly approaches are summarized to fabricate various genealogies of biomimetic 2DM microtextures with bio-inspired multifunctionality. First, sequential deformation strategies are discussed to programmably construct higher dimensional 2DM microtextures, ranging from wrinkles/crumples (one-time deformation) to multiscale hierarchies (multiple deformations). Next, the current progress using higher dimensional 2DM microtextures to imitate different biological structures and/or induce bio-inspired multifunctionality is systematically summarized. Four showcases of bio-inspiration and biomimicry using different 2DM nanosheets are highlighted: (1) wrinkle patterns of an earthworm that spur the design of strain sensors with programmable working ranges and sensitivities, (2) wrinkle appearance of a Shar-Pei dog that motivates the fabrication of stretchable energy storage devices, (3) hierarchical scale textures of a desert lizard that inspire cation-induced gelation platforms for 2DM aerogels, and (4) wrinkle skin of an elephant that influences the development of 2DM protective skin for soft robots. Finally, challenges and future opportunities of adopting 2DM nanosheets to assemble biomimetic microstructures with synergistic functionalities are discussed.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by the Start-Up Fund of University of Maryland, College Park (KFS No.: 2957431 to P.-Y. Chen). Fundings for this research were provided by Energy Innovation Seed Grant from Maryland Energy Innovation Institute (MEI^2) (KFS No.: 2957597 to P.-Y. Chen). This material is based upon work supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under award number FA2386-21-1-4065 (KFS No.: 5284212 to P.-Y. Chen). Y. L. acknowledges the financial support provided by the Maryland Robotics Center (MRC) for a research fellowship.

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  1. Yang Li and Lin **g contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20740, USA

    Yang Li, Joshua M. Little, Haochen Yang, Tsai-Chun Chung & Po-Yen Chen

  2. Maryland Robotics Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA

    Yang Li & Po-Yen Chen

  3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore

    Lin **g

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  1. Yang Li
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Li, Y., **g, L., Little, J.M. et al. Mechanically driven assembly of biomimetic 2D-material microtextures with bioinspired multifunctionality. Nano Res. 17, 663–678 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6220-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6220-y

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