Log in

Quasi-Local Mass Integrals and the Total Mass

  • Published:
The Journal of Geometric Analysis Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

On asymptotically flat and asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds, by evaluating the total mass via the Ricci tensor, we show that the limits of certain Brown–York type and Hawking type quasi-local mass integrals equal the total mass of the manifold in all dimensions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (Germany)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Arnowitt, R., Deser, S., Misner, C.W.: Coordinate invariance and energy expressions in general relativity. Phys. Rev. 122(2), 997–1006 (1961)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Ashtekar, A., Hansen, R.O.: A unified treatment of null and spatial infinity in general relativity. I. Universal structure, asymptotic symmetries, and conserved quantities at spatial infinity. J. Math. Phys. 19(7), 1542–1566 (1978)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  3. Brown, J.D., York, Jr. J.W.: Quasilocal energy in general relativity. In: Mathematical Aspects of Classical Field Theory (Seattle, WA, 1991), Contemporary Mathematics, vol. 132, pp. 129–142. American Mathematical Society, Providence (1992)

  4. Brown, J.D., York Jr., J.W.: Quasilocal energy and conserved charges derived from the gravitational action. Phys. Rev. D (3) 47(4), 1407–1419 (1993)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  5. Chruściel, P.: A remark on the positive energy theorem. Class. Quantum Gravity 3, L115–L121 (1986)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Chruściel, P., Herzlich, M.: The mass of asymptotically hyperbolic Riemannian manifolds. Pac. J. Math. 212(2), 231–264 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Fan, X.-Q., Kwong, K.-K.: A property of the Brown–York mass in Schwarzschild manifolds. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 400(2), 615–623 (2013)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Fan, X.-Q., Shi, Y.-G., Tam, L.-F.: Large-sphere and small-sphere limits of the Brown–York mass. Commun. Anal. Geom. 17(1), 37–72 (2009)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Hawking, S.W.: Gravitational radiation in an expanding universe. J. Math. Phys. 9, 598–604 (1968)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Herzlich, M.: Computing asymptotic invariants with the Ricci tensor on asymptotically flat and hyperbolic manifolds. ar**v:1503.00508

  11. Howard, R.: Blaschke’s rolling theorem for manifolds with boundary. Manuscr. Math. 99(4), 471–483 (1999)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Huang, L.-H.: On the center of mass in general relativity. In: Fifth International Congress of Chinese Mathematicians, Part I, 2, AMS/IP Studies in Advanced Mathematics, vol. 51, pp. 575–591. American Mathematical Society, Providence (2012)

  13. Huisken, G.: Contracting convex hypersurfaces in Riemannian manifolds by their mean curvature. Invent. Math. 84(3), 463–480 (1986)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Klingenberg, W.: A course in differential geometry, Translated from the German by David Hoffman. Graduate Texts in Mathematics, vol. 51, Springer, New York (1978)

  15. Kwong, K.-K., Tam, L.-F.: Limit of quasilocal mass integrals in asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 141, 313–324 (2013)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Li, Y., Weinstein, G.: A priori bounds for co-dimension one isometric embeddings. Am. J. Math. 121(5), 945–965 (1999)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Miao, P., Tam, L.-F.: Evaluation of the ADM mass and center of mass via the Ricci tensor. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 144(2), 753–761 (2016)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Michel, B.: Geometric invariance of mass-like invariants. J. Math. Phys. 52, 052504 (2011)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. Neves, A.: Insufficient convergence of inverse mean curvature flow on asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds. J. Differ. Geom. 84(1), 191–229 (2010)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Nirenberg, L.: The Weyl and Minkowski problem in differential geometry in the large. Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 6(3), 337–394 (1953)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Pogorelov, A.: Some results on surface theory in the large. Adv. Math. 1(2), 191–264 (1964)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Shi, Y.-G., Tam, L.-F.: Positive mass theorem and the boundary behaviors of compact manifolds with nonnegative scalar curvature. J. Differ. Geom. 62(1), 79–125 (2002)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Shi, Y.-G., Tam, L.-F.: Rigidity of compact manifolds and positivity of quasi-local mass. Class. Quantum Gravity 24(9), 2357–2366 (2007)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  24. Shi, Y.-G., Wang, G., Wu, J.: On the behavior of quasi-local mass at the infinity along nearly round surfaces. Ann. Glob. Anal. Geom 36(4), 419–441 (2009)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. Wang, G., Wu, J.: Chern’s magic form and the Gauss–Bonnet–Chern mass. ar**v:1510.03036

  26. Wang, M.-T., Yau, S.-T.: A generalization of Liu–Yau’s quasi-local mass. Commun. Anal. Geom. 15(2), 249–282 (2007)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. Wang, X.: The mass of asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds. J. Differ. Geom. 57(2), 273–299 (2001)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  28. Zhang, X.: A definition of total energy-momenta and the positive mass theorem on asymptotically hyperbolic 3 manifolds I. Commun. Math. Phys. 249(3), 529–548 (2004)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luen-Fai Tam.

Additional information

Pengzi Miao: Research partially supported by Simons Foundation Collaboration Grant for Mathematicians #281105. Luen-Fai Tam: Research partially supported by Hong Kong RGC General Research Fund #CUHK 14305114. Naqing **e: Research partially supported by the National Science Foundation of China #11421061.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Miao, P., Tam, LF. & **e, N. Quasi-Local Mass Integrals and the Total Mass. J Geom Anal 27, 1323–1354 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12220-016-9721-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12220-016-9721-z

Keywords

Mathematics Subject Classification

Navigation