Abstract
Metagenomics is a robust, interdisciplinary approach for studying microbial community composition, function, and dynamics. It typically involves a core of molecular biology, microbiology, ecology, statistics, and computational biology. Exciting outcomes anticipated from these studies include unraveling of complex interactions that characterize the ecological milieu of microbial communities. Diverse habitats from which metagenomes have been reported include human guts, caterpillar guts, thermal vents in oceans, ore deposits, polar caps, and even soils that adhere to plant roots. Knowledge generated from metagenomic projects has tremendous potential to beneflt human health, agriculture, and ecosystem functions. This article provides a brief history of technical advances in metagenomics, including DNA sequencing methods, and some case studies. A speciflc example is provided of microbial metagenomes found at the roots of native grass species (family Poaceae) that can grow on degraded lands undergoing revegetation.
Similar content being viewed by others
Suggested Reading
J Handelsman, MR Rondon, S F Brady, J Clardy, and RM Goodman, Molecular biological access to the chemistry of unknown soil microbes: a new frontier for natural products, Chemistry and Biology, Vol. 5, No. 10, pp. R245–249, 1998.
P Hugenholtz and G W Tyson, Metagenomics, Nature, Vol. 455, pp. 481–483, 2008.
P D Schloss and J Handelsman, Biotechnological prospects from metagenomics, Current Opinion in Biotechnology, Vol. 14, pp. 303–310, 2003.
T Thomas, J Gilbert and F Meyer, Metagenomicsa guide from sampling to data analysis, Microbial Informatics and Experimentation, Vol. 2, No. 3, 2012. doi:10.1186/2042-5783-2-3.
R D Bardgett and D A Wardle, Aboveground-Below-ground linkages: Biotic Interactions, Ecosystem processes and Global change, Chapter 3, pp. 62–110, 2010.
A C Howe, J K Jansson, S A Malfatti, S G Tringe, J M Tiedje and C T Brown, Tackling soil diversity with the assembly of large, complex metagenomes, Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences (USA), Vol. 111, pp. 4904–4909, 2014.
J Nesme et al., Back to the future of soil metagenomics, Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 7, No. 73, 2016.
V K Choudhary, Microbial diversity at Iron ore mined-out sites in Odisha and its signiflcance in Ecological Restoration, PhD thesis, University of Delhi, 2016.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Sudeshna Mazumdar-Leighton is a molecular biologist at Delhi University. Her research interests are plant-biotic environment interactions, relevant to marginalized communities.
Vivek K Choudhary has just completed a PhD dissertation on restoration ecology of iron-ore mine sites in Odisha. He is interested in plant community dynamics, revegetation, and soil metagenomics.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mazumdar-Leighton, S., Choudhary, V.K. Metagenomics at grass roots. Reson 22, 291–301 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12045-017-0461-6
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12045-017-0461-6