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Surface modification of carbon materials by nitrogen/phosphorus co-do** as well as redox additive of ferrous ion for cooperatively boosting the performance of supercapacitors

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Abstract

In this work, we demonstrate a cooperative strategy of surface modification of carbon materials by N/P co-do** and redox additive of Fe2+ ion for boosting the performance of supercapacitors. Using NH4HCO3 or NH4H2PO4 as N/P dopants, the modified carbon materials have increased concerning the electrical conductivity, porosity, and N/P contents. Furthermore, Fe2+ ion serving as redox additive has been incorporated. In a three-electrode configuration, the C-N-P-Fe sample exhibits capacitance of 371 F g−1, which is 2.38 times larger than the C-Blank-Fe sample; the redox process of Fe2+ ions is controlled by the diffusion. In a two-electrode configuration, the C-N-P-Fe sample delivers energy density of 7.7 Wh kg−1, almost 2.33 times higher than the C-Blank-Fe sample. Moreover, it unveils that the pseudo-capacitance contribution has been improved with increasing N/P do** by Trasatti method; the redox process of Fe2+ ions predominantly happens on negative electrode.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully thank financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (51602003), Startup Foundation for Doctors of Anhui University (J01003211), and University Student Innovation Experiment Project of Anhui University (S201910357378).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Polymer Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People’s Republic of China

    Zhong Jie Zhang, Bing Han, Kun Yang Zhao, Ming Hui Gao & Zhen Qiang Wang

  2. Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing of Power Battery, Tianneng Battery Group (Anhui Company), Jieshou, 236500, Anhui, People’s Republic of China

    **n Ming Yang & **ang Ying Chen

  3. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Key Laboratory of Controllable Chemistry Reaction & Material Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, Anhui, People’s Republic of China

    **ang Ying Chen

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Correspondence to Zhong Jie Zhang or **%20as%20well%20as%20redox%20additive%20of%20ferrous%20ion%20for%20cooperatively%20boosting%20the%20performance%20of%20supercapacitors&author=Zhong%20Jie%20Zhang%20et%20al&contentID=10.1007%2Fs11581-019-03406-6&copyright=Springer-Verlag%20GmbH%20Germany%2C%20part%20of%20Springer%20Nature&publication=0947-7047&publicationDate=2020-01-09&publisherName=SpringerNature&orderBeanReset=true">Reprints and permissions

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Zhang, Z.J., Han, B., Zhao, K.Y. et al. Surface modification of carbon materials by nitrogen/phosphorus co-do** as well as redox additive of ferrous ion for cooperatively boosting the performance of supercapacitors. Ionics 26, 3027–3039 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-019-03406-6

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