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Magnetic reed biochar materials as adsorbents for aqueous copper and phenol removal

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Abstract

Organics and heavy metals are common pollutants in many wastewaters and water bodies. Adsorption processes by magnetic materials can rapidly remove these pollutants from water and effectively recycle adsorbent. In this study, magnetic analyzer, X-ray diffraction, Flourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and granulometry were used to characterize the synthesized magnetic reed biochar materials (ZnFe2O4/biochar). Influences of adsorption time, pH, temperature, initial solution concentration, and adsorption equilibrium concentration on adsorption performances were investigated for Cu2+ and phenol adsorption by ZnFe2O4/biochar. Adsorption kinetic and isotherm models were used to describe the adsorption processes. Adsorption of phenol and Cu2+ by ZnFe2O4/biochar reached saturation within 45 min and increased slightly with the increase of temperature from 15 to 45 °C. Adsorption of Cu2+ increased with the increase of pH, while the adsorption of phenol peaked at pH = 6. The adsorption processes fit the pseudo-second order kinetics model, and both conformed to the Langmuir model. The fitting results show that the maximum single-component adsorption capacity of phenol and Cu2+ by ZnFe2O4/biochar is 63.29 and 12.20 mg/g, and the maximum bi-component adsorption capacity reaches 40.16 and 9.48 mg/g, respectively. All the findings demonstrate that ZnFe2O4/biochar has good adsorption performance for phenol and Cu2+.

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Data are available from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the reviewers who helped them improve the paper by many pertinent comments and suggestions.

Funding

This research was supported by the General Scientific Research Project of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education (Y202146765) and Dongguan Science and Technology of Social Development Program (20211800905312).

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Author notes

  1. Xu Zhang and **n Shu contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dongguan Environmental Protection Industry Promotion Centre, Sheng’an Building, Middle Section of Hongwei 2nd Road, Dongguan, 523070, People’s Republic of China

    Xu Zhang

  2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China

    **n Shu

  3. National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China

    **aolin Zhou, Cheng Zhou, Pu Yang & Chunzhen Fan

  4. Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada

    Muhe Diao

  5. Faculty of Physics, University of Munich, 80539, Munich, Germany

    Haiyang Hu

  6. Institute of Bio- and Geosciences / Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany

    **nyu Gan

  7. Department of Applied Computing, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA

    Chen Zhao

Authors
  1. Xu Zhang
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Contributions

Xu Zhang and **n Shu: conceptualization, methodology, software, writing—original draft preparation. **aolin Zhou, Cheng Zhou, and Muhe Diao: visualization, validation. Pu Yang, Haiyang Hu, **nyu Gan, and Chen Zhao: writing—reviewing and editing. Chunzhen Fan: supervision, funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Chunzhen Fan.

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Zhang, X., Shu, X., Zhou, X. et al. Magnetic reed biochar materials as adsorbents for aqueous copper and phenol removal. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 3659–3667 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22474-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22474-2

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