Abstract
In this paper, the combustion characteristics of biogas in a Porous Radiant Burner (PRBBG) designed for domestic cooking appliances are presented. Developed PRBBG consists of two layers of porous matrices viz., Silicon Carbide (SiC) and Alumina (Al2O3) and operates in the biogas flow range of 177 to 530 l/h with stable equivalence ratio (ϕ) range of 0.75 to 0.95. The effects of biogas flow rate and equivalence ratio on thermal efficiency (ηth) and emission characteristics of the burner are investigated and also compared with its conventional counterpart. Overall performance assessment shows that PRBBG operating at lower equivalence ratio and lower firing power has better thermal efficiency with lower CO and NOx emissions. The performance of the burner in terms of temperature map** suggests that firing power variation is of higher importance than that of equivalence ratio. The maximum temperature difference between the center and the periphery of the burner surface is found to be ~ 83 °C at an equivalence ratio of 0.95. The thermal efficiency varies in the range of 51–62% and its maximum is at 0.75 equivalence ratio and 177 l/h flow rate of biogas. Within the range of studied biogas flow rate range, CO emission is in the range of 29–80 ppm and NOx concentration was lower than 4 ppm. Whereas, for Conventional Burner (CB), thermal efficiency, CO, and NOx emission are found in the range of 43–52%, 211–276 ppm, and 9–15 ppm, respectively. The overall performance showed that PRBBG is capable of burning a lean biogas-air mixture with better thermal efficiency and lower emissions.
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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.
Abbreviations
- BIS:
-
Bureau of Indian standards
- C :
-
Specific heat (J/kg-K)
- CB:
-
Conventional Burner
- FFC:
-
Free Flame Combustion
- LCV:
-
Low Calorific Value (J/kg)
- m :
-
Mass of water (kg)
- \( \overset{\bullet }{m} \) :
-
Mass flow rate (kg/s)
- M :
-
Mass of pan with lid and stirrer (kg)
- PRBBG :
-
Porous Radiant Burner for biogas
- PMC:
-
Porous Media Combustion
- T:
-
Temperature of water (°C)
- \( \overset{\bullet }{v} \) :
-
Volumetric flow rate (m3/s)
- WBT:
-
Water Boiling Test
- ϕ :
-
Equivalence ratio
- α :
-
Mole fraction
- η :
-
Efficiency (%)
- Δt :
-
Total time of experiment (s)
- p:
-
Pan
- w:
-
Water
- 1:
-
Initial
- 2:
-
Final
- th :
-
thermal
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Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful to the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) for their financial help through IMPRINT project No. 6727.
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Lav Kumar Kaushik performed the background study on Biogas cook stoves and he was the major contributor in writing the manuscript. Mahalingam Arun Kumar performed experiments and drafted the paper. Palanisamy Muthukumar corrected the draft and supervised the overall experiments.
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Kaushik, L.K., Mahalingam, A.K. & Palanisamy, M. Performance analysis of a biogas operated porous radiant burner for domestic cooking application. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 12168–12177 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10862-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10862-5