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Prevalence of apical periodontitis in endodontically-treated maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth in a Saudi Arabian population: a cone-beam computed tomography study

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Abstract

Objective

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) in root canal-treated maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth in a Saudi Arabian population based on findings from images taken using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods

The sample included 300 CBCT images from patients (150 females and 150 males) aged between 18 and 80 years old and they were analyzed to detect AP in endodontically treated maxillary and mandibular premolars and molars. Also, the correlation between the prevalence of AP and gender along with location (right/left side of jaw) were analyzed. Periapical lesions were defined as lamina dura gaps appearing disrupted around the width of periodontal ligament and apex at the apical third of the roots.

Results

There was higher prevalence of AP in maxillary (19.1%) when compared to mandibular posterior teeth (17.3%). Mandibular first and maxillary second molars were the most affected teeth with AP (P = 0.05 and P = 0.04, respectively). Also, there was higher prevalence of AP cases with a predilection toward males (Maxillary P = 0.005; Mandibular P = 0.00) and on the right side of the mandibular jaw (P = 0.03).

Conclusion

In this study, the prevalence of AP had a significant association between gender with a predilection in males and location with a tendency to occur on the mandibular right side as observed in endodontically treated maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth using CBCT.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department at the University Dental Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University for their technical support and assistance in CBCT images and the purpose of standardization of image evaluation in this study.

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, 80209, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia

    Faisal T. Alghamdi & Ahmad H. Almehmadi

Authors
  1. Faisal T. Alghamdi
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  2. Ahmad H. Almehmadi
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Contributions

FA: conceptualization; formal analysis and investigation; methodology; project administration; funding acquisition; resources; software; supervision; validation; visualization; writing—original draft preparation; writing—review and editing. AA: formal analysis and investigation; methodology; software; validation; visualization; writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Faisal T. Alghamdi.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Ethics approval was obtained from the ethics committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University (The Proposal No.: 291-10-21), and the Declaration of Helsinki guidelines were followed in this study.

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For this type of study, informed consent was not required.

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Alghamdi, F.T., Almehmadi, A.H. Prevalence of apical periodontitis in endodontically-treated maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth in a Saudi Arabian population: a cone-beam computed tomography study. Oral Radiol 39, 108–116 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11282-022-00608-z

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