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Remediation of spent engine oil-contaminated soil through biostimulation and bioaugmentation with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and indigenous hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial isolates

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Abstract

Pollution caused by spent engine oil has become a major global ecological concern as it constitutes a big threat to plants, animals, microorganisms and the soil ecosystem. This study was undertaken to examine the remediation of spent engine oil-contaminated soil through biostimulation and bioaugmentation with sodium dodecyl sulphate and indigenous hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial isolates. Twelve mesocosms were organized into four groups designated G1, G2, G3 and G4 and each filled with 2.5 kg of soil samples. Each group was composed of three mesocosms to produce a triplicate setup. G1 contained pristine soil which served as a positive control. G2 contained a total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) of 913.333 mg/kg in the untreated oil-polluted soil which served as a negative control. G3 contained a TPH of 913.333 mg/kg in the polluted soil inoculated with indigenous hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial isolates. G4 contained a TPH of 913.333 mg/kg in the polluted soil mixed with bacterial consortium and sodium dodecyl sulphate. The level of pollution was 36.5% in the triplicate setup G2, G3 and G4. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy was used to determine the degree of hydrocarbon degradation. The initial TPH value of 913.33 mg/kg was reduced by 84.44% (142 mg/kg) in soil inoculated with indigenous hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial isolates and by 88.28% (106.66 mg/kg) in biostimulated soil. Result of this study show that soil stimulation involving bacterial consortium and sodium dodecyl sulphate was more efficient than bioaugmentation strategy alone used in the remediation of spent engine oil-polluted soil.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were recieved during the preparation of this manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria

    Emmanuel Chijioke Onwujekwe, James Chukwuma Ogbonna & Chibuzor Nwadibe Eze

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, Coal City University Enugu, Enugu, Nigeria

    Emmanuel Chijioke Onwujekwe

Authors
  1. Emmanuel Chijioke Onwujekwe
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  2. James Chukwuma Ogbonna
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  3. Chibuzor Nwadibe Eze
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Contributions

ECO: Design of article, Investigation, Data analysis, interpretation of data, review writing. JCO: Investigation, interpretation of data, and supervision. CNE: Design of the article, interpretation of data and supervision.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Emmanuel Chijioke Onwujekwe.

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Appendices

Appendix 1

Total petroleum hydrocarbon removal.

ANOVA

  

Sum of squares

df

Mean square

F

Sig.

SO_BGN

Between groups

1643824.741

8

205478.093

702.178

0.000

 

Within groups

5267.333

18

292.630

  
 

Total

1649092.074

26

   

SO_SDS

Between groups

1535120.963

8

191890.120

1134.202

0.000

 

Within groups

3045.333

18

169.185

  
 

Total

1538166.296

26

   

SO_FSO

Between groups

4805.630

8

600.704

2.398

0.059

 

Within groups

4509.333

18

250.519

  
 

Total

9314.963

26

   

SO_PSO

Between groups

3485.185

8

435.648

1.548

0.210

 

Within groups

5066.667

18

281.481

  
 

Total

8551.852

26

   

Appendix 2

Microbial catalase activity.

ANOVA

  

Sum of squares

df

Mean square

F

Sig.

SO_BGN

Between groups

12.202

4

3.050

165.124

0.000

 

Within groups

0.185

10

0.018

  
 

Total

12.386

14

   

SO_SDS

Between groups

10.551

4

2.638

137.047

0.000

 

Within groups

0.192

10

0.019

  
 

Total

10.743

14

   

SO_FSO

Between groups

0.029

4

0.007

0.347

0.840

 

Within groups

0.210

10

0.021

  
 

Total

0.239

14

   

SO_PSO

Between groups

0.074

4

0.019

1.226

0.360

 

Within groups

0.152

10

0.015

  
 

Total

0.226

14

   

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Onwujekwe, E.C., Ogbonna, J.C. & Eze, C.N. Remediation of spent engine oil-contaminated soil through biostimulation and bioaugmentation with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and indigenous hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial isolates. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 40, 50 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-023-03864-1

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