Abstract
We studied a strain of Bacillus isolated from an artisanal tannery in Salta, Argentina. It was identified as Bacillus licheniformis B6 by 16 S phylogenetic analysis and MALDI TOF (GenBank accession code No. KP776730). The synthesis of lipopeptides by B6 and their antibacterial activity against clinical pathogenic strains was analyzed both in the cell-free supernatant (CFS) and in the crude fraction of lipopeptides (LF). Overall, the CFS did not significantly reduce the viability of the studied strains (Staphylococcus aureus 269 and ATCC 43,300, Escherichia coli 4591 and 25,922, Klebsiella sp. 1087 and 1101). However, LF at 9 mg/mL reduced the viability of those pathogenic strains by 2 and 3 log orders compared to those of the control. When the effects of LF and ampicillin were compared, they showed different sensitivity against pathogenic strains. For example, E. coli 4591 was the strain most resistant to ampicillin, requiring 250 mg/mL of antibiotic to achieve the same inhibitory effect as 9 mg/mL of B6 LF. SEM observations of the effect of LF on biofilm formation by E. coli 4591 and Klebsiella sp. 1087 clearly showed that biofilm structures were destabilized, these strains turning into weak biofilm formers. Signals in the CFS and LF corresponding to kurstakin and iturin were identified by MALDI TOF. Interestingly, surfactin was detected, rather than lichenysin, the expected lipopeptide in B. licheniformis species. Signals of bacitracin and fengycins were also found, the latter with a higher number of homologues and relative intensity in the LF than the other lipopeptides. These results show that the lipopeptides synthesized by B. licheniformis B6 have both potential antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity against pathogenic bacteria of health importance.
Highlights
Bacillus licheniformis B6 (Genbank accession code Nº KP776730, isolated from an artisanal tannery) synthesizes lipopeptides with biological activity.
The crude fraction of lipopeptides (LF) had antagonistic action against Staphylococcus aureus 269 and ATCC 43300, Escherichia coli 4591 and 25922, Klebsiella sp. 1087 and 1101.
9 mg/mL of B6 LF were effective to inhibit E. coli 4591, whereas 250 mg/mL of ampicillin were necessary to elicit a similar effect.
SEM observations of the effect of LF on biofilm formation by E. coli 4591 and Klebsiella sp. 1087 clearly showed that biofilm structures were destabilized.
Signals in the LF corresponding to kurstakins and iturin were identified by MALDI TOF; surfactin was detected instead of lichenysin.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by funds from the University of Buenos Aires (Argentina; UBACyT 20020170100110BA), and the Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCYT) (Argentina, PICT2016-00130; PICT2015-00640). The Ultraflex II TOF/TOF mass spectrometer (Bruker Daltonics) was supported by a grant from ANPCYT (PME2003 No.125, CEQUIBIEM, DQB, FCEN, University of Buenos Aires). Audisio M.C., Erra-Basells R., Petroselli G. and Torres M.J. are Research Members at Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET, Argentina). Díaz P.R. was supported by doctoral fellowships from ANPCyT and CONICET (Argentina).
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Díaz, P.R., Torres, M.J., Petroselli, G. et al. Antibacterial activity of Bacillus licheniformis B6 against viability and biofilm formation of foodborne pathogens of health importance. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 38, 181 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-022-03377-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-022-03377-3