Abstract
Leachate concentrate is a highly complex effluent. This study compares the treatability of leachate concentrate by synergistic radical-based processes ((persulfate (PS) + O3 (ozone) + electrooxidation (EO)), (O2 state + zero-valent aluminum (ZVAl)) and (ZVAl + PS)). Process conditions for high color removal efficiency were optimized using the randomized response surface design. Under optimum conditions, operation cost (€/L wastewater), color and COD removal efficiency (%), and increase in BOD5/COD ratio (%) were determined as 1.1000, 84 and 50.66, and 195.20 for (PS + O3 + EO), 1.8425, 56.67 and 41.5, and 50 for (O2 state + ZVAl), and 4.1538, 70 and 64, and 147.61 for (O2 state + ZVAl + PS). Using the PROMETHEE approach, three processes were evaluated for operational cost, biodegradability, organic matter, and color removal criteria, and the most suitable process was selected. Process preference order was determined as (PS + O3 + EO) > (O2 state + ZVAl + PS) > (O2 state + ZVAl). The optimum operating conditions for (PS + O3 + EO) process were determined as pH of 9.96, duration of 146.69 min, PS of 4.02 g/L anion, electrode type of RuO2-IrO2, and ozone dose of 65.99%.
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Nevim Genç: conceptualization and writing (review). Elif Durna Pişkin: statistical analysis, visualization, editing, and validation. Esin Kacıra: experimental analysis.
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Genç, N., Durna Pişkin, E. & Kacıra, E. Optimization of Synergistic Radical-Based Processes for the Treatment of Membrane Leachate Concentrate: Selection of the Most Suitable Process by PROMETHEE Approach. Water Air Soil Pollut 234, 208 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06158-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06158-2