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Antibiotic resistance and virulence genes profile of Non typhodial Salmonella species isolated from poultry enteritis in India

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Abstract

Salmonella species (spp) is the most important gastrointestinal pathogen present ubiquitously. Non typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is commonly associated with gastroenteritis in humans. Layer birds once get infection with NTS, can become persistently infected with Salmonella Typhimurium and intermittently shed the bacteria. It results in a high risk of potential exposure of eggs to the bacteria. The current study was conducted to determine the serotype diversity, presence of virulence genes, antibiotic resistance pattern, and genes of NTS from poultry enteritis. Out of 151 intestinal swabs from poultry total 118 NTS were isolated, which were characterized serologically as S. Typhimurium (51 strains), S. Weltevreden (57 strains) and untypable (10 strains). Most effective antibiotics were amikacin, gentamycin and ceftriaxone (33.05%) followed by ampicillin, azithromycin and ciprofloxacin (16.69%), co-trimoxazole (13.55%), and tetracycline (6.78%). Multidrug resistance recorded in 17.70% (N = 21/118) strains. Antimicrobial-resistant genes i.e. blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, tet(A), tet(B), tet(C), sul1, sul2, sul3. blaTEM and tet(A) were present in 95% (20/21). Eleven virulence genes i.e. invA, hilA, sivH, tolC, agfA, lpfA, spaN, pagC, spiA, iroN and fliC 2 were present in all the 30 isolates. While, sopE was present in only 2 isolates, NTS strains with characteristics of pathogenicity and multidrug resistance from poultry enteritis were detected. Multidrug resistance showed the necessity of prudent use of antibiotics in the poultry industry.

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Acknowledgements

Authors want to acknowledge Vice Chancellor RAJUVAS, Bikaner and Dean, CVAS, Navania for financial support for the study

Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grant or other support were received during preparation of this manuscript. The study was conducted with institutional support (Dean, CVAS, Navania Vallabhnagar Udaipur, RAJUVAS Bikaner Rajasthan, India).

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  1. Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science (CVAS), Navania, India

    Arpita Sain, Rajesh Singathia, Abhishek Gaurav, Chaman Patidar, PrabuRam Suthar & Karishma Rathore

  2. Department of Veterinary Microbiology, CVAS, Navania, India

    Deepak Kumar Sharma

  3. Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, CVAS, Navania, India

    Rohit Juneja

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Contributions

Arpita Sain and Deepak Kumar Sharma: Concept and design of study or acquisition of data or analysis and interpretation of data.

Arpita Sain, Chaman Patidar, PrabuRam Suthar and Karishma Rathore: Carried out lab work as per requirement of the manuscript.

Rajesh Singathia, Abhishek Gaurav and Rohit Juneja: Drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content.

Deepak Kumar Sharma, Rajesh Singathia, Abhishek Gaurav and Rohit Juneja: Final approval of the version to be published.

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Correspondence to Deepak Kumar Sharma.

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Department of Veterinary Microbiology, CVAS Navania, Vallabhnagar, Udaipur.  Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (RAJUVAS), Bikaner.

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Sain, A., Sharma, D.K., Singathia, R. et al. Antibiotic resistance and virulence genes profile of Non typhodial Salmonella species isolated from poultry enteritis in India. Trop Anim Health Prod 56, 91 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-024-03932-0

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