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Neuropeptides Modulate Feeding via the Dopamine Reward Pathway

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A Correction to this article was published on 24 June 2023

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Abstract

Dopamine (DA) is a catecholamine neurotransmitter widely distributed in the central nervous system. It participates in various physiological functions, such as feeding, anxiety, fear, slee** and arousal. The regulation of feeding is exceptionally complex, involving energy homeostasis and reward motivation. The reward system comprises the ventral tegmental area (VTA), nucleus accumbens (NAc), hypothalamus, and limbic system. This paper illustrates the detailed mechanisms of eight typical orexigenic and anorexic neuropeptides that regulate food intake through the reward system. According to recent literature, neuropeptides released from the hypothalamus and other brain regions regulate reward feeding predominantly through dopaminergic neurons projecting from the VTA to the NAc. In addition, their effect on the dopaminergic system is mediated by the prefrontal cortex, paraventricular thalamus, laterodorsal tegmental area, amygdala, and complex neural circuits. Research on neuropeptides involved in reward feeding can help identify more targets to treat diseases with metabolic disorders, such as obesity.

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Data Availability

This article is a review. So, the authors do not have experimental data.

Change history

Abbreviations

2-AG:

2-Arachidonoylglycerol

α-MSH:

Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone

AG:

Acylated ghrelin

AMPA:

α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid

AgRP:

Agoutin-related protein

ARC:

Arcuate nucleus

cAMP:

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate

CB 1:

Cannabinoid 1

CNS:

Central nervous system

CSF:

Cerebrospinal fluid

D2-ENK:

D2-enkephalin neurons

DA:

Dopamine

DRN:

Dorsal raphe nucleus

EPSCs:

Excitatory postsynaptic currents

ERK1/2:

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase

ESR1:

Oestrogen receptors

EX4:

Exendin-4

GABA:

Gamma-aminobutyric acid

GIRK:

G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium

GLP-1:

Glucagon-like peptide-1

GLUT2:

Glucose transporter 2

HIP:

Hippocampus

ICV:

Intracerebroventricularly

LDTg:

Laterodorsal tegmental area

LHA:

Lateral hypothalamus

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

MC:

Melanocortin

MCH:

Melanin-concentrating hormone

MSNs:

Medium spiny projection neurons

NAc:

Nucleus accumbens

NAcc:

Nucleus accumbens core

NAcLat:

Nucleus accumbens lateral shell

NAcMed:

Nucleus accumbens medial shell

NAcsh:

Nucleus accumbens shell

NMDA:

N-methyl-D-aspartate

NPY:

Neuropeptide Y

Nts:

Neurotensin

NTS:

Nucleus tractus solitarius

PFC:

Prefrontal cortex

PKA:

Protein kinase A

PKC:

Protein kinase C

POMC:

Pro-opiomelanocortin

PPG:

Pre-glutathione

PR:

Progression ratio

PVN:

Hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus

PVT:

Paraventricular thalamus

SN:

Substantia nigra

SON:

Supraoptic nucleus

TH:

Tyrosine hydroxylase

UAG:

Unacylated ghrelin

VM:

Ventral mesencephalon

VP:

Ventral pallidum

VTA:

Ventral tegmental area

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Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number: 31971060).

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  1. Ruijie ** and Shanbin Sun have been contributed equally to this work.

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  1. Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China

    Ruijie **, Shanbin Sun, Yang Hu, Hongfei Zhang & **angrong Sun

  2. Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China

    Ruijie **, Shanbin Sun, Yang Hu & Hongfei Zhang

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Author XRS was responsive for the conception, design, and revision of the article. Author RJJ and SBS wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Authors YH and HFZ arranged references and made figures. All authors contributed to and have approved the final manuscript.

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**, R., Sun, S., Hu, Y. et al. Neuropeptides Modulate Feeding via the Dopamine Reward Pathway. Neurochem Res 48, 2622–2643 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-023-03954-4

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