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Sintocalmy, a Passiflora incarnata Based Herbal, Attenuates Morphine Withdrawal in Mice

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Abstract

Chronic opioid use changes brain chemistry in areas related to reward processes, memory, decision-making, and addiction. Both neurons and astrocytes are affected, ultimately leading to dependence. Passiflora incarnata L. (Passifloraceae) is the basis of frequently used herbals to manage anxiety and insomnia, with proven central nervous system depressant effects. Anti-addiction properties of P. incarnata have been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a commercial extract of Passiflora incarnata (Sintocalmy®, Aché Laboratory) in the naloxone-induced jum** mice model of morphine withdrawal. In addition, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) levels were assessed in the frontal cortex and hippocampus, and DNA damage was verified on blood cells. In order to improve solubilization a Sintocalmy methanol extract (SME) was used. SME is mainly composed by flavonoids isovitexin and vitexin. The effects of SME 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg (i.p.) were evaluated in the naloxone-induced withdrawal syndrome in mice. SME 50 and SME 100 mg/kg decreased naloxone-induced jum** in morphine-dependent mice without reducing locomotor activity. No alterations were found in GFAP levels, however SME 50 mg/kg prevented the S100B increase in the frontal cortex and DNA damage. This study shows anti-addiction effects for a commercial standardized extract of P. incarnata and suggests the relevance of proper clinical assessment.

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Acknowledgements

The research was supported by the following Brazilian funding agencies: National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - CNPq; Committee for the Development of Higher Education Personnel—CAPES, Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS- Processo 33416.465.34568.26032018), and PROPG/UFRGS.

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  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

    Lucas dos Reis Izolan, Douglas Marques da Silva & Mirna Bainy Leal

  2. Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

    Douglas Marques da Silva, Helena Beatriz Larrosa Oliveira, Janaína Lucas de Oliveira Salomon & Mirna Bainy Leal

  3. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

    Caroline Portela Peruzzi, Solange C. Garcia, Marcelo Dutra Arbo & Eduardo Luis Konrath

  4. Departamento de Farmacociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

    Eliane Dallegrave

  5. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas – Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-anexo, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil

    Caroline Zanotto, Elaine Elisabetsky & Carlos Alberto Gonçalves

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11064_2021_3237_MOESM1_ESM.tif

Figure S1. HPLC chromatogram of the Sintocalmy methanolic extract (SME). 4: isoschaftoside, 5: isoorientin, 6: orientin, 7: schaftoside, 10: saponarin, 11: vitexin and 12: isovitexin, previously published [44]. (TIF 198 kb)

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dos Reis Izolan, L., da Silva, D.M., Oliveira, H.B.L. et al. Sintocalmy, a Passiflora incarnata Based Herbal, Attenuates Morphine Withdrawal in Mice. Neurochem Res 46, 1092–1100 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-021-03237-w

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