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Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth, yield, and antioxidant capacity of Capsicum chinense Jacq. (Habanero pepper)

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Abstract

The use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) is part of the search for strategies to achieve food security in a sustainable way. However, its usefulness in crop production has not been sufficiently demonstrated and its consequences on soil microorganisms are still unclear. In this study, the combined effect of ZnO NPs and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on growth, yield, and antioxidant capacity of Capsicum chinense Jacq. was analyzed. Additionally, the effect of ZnO NPs on mycorrhizal colonization and dependency was evaluated. For this purpose, a greenhouse experiment was performed in which 0, 1.2, 12, and 240 mg kg−1 of ZnO NPs were applied to mycorrhized and non-mycorrhized plants. Fresh and dry biomass, fruit yield, and antioxidant capacity were quantified, as well as colonization percentage and mycorrhizal dependency. It was found that the ZnO NPs 240 mg kg−1 dose increased plant fresh aerial biomass and antioxidant capacity, while all ZnO NPs doses increased fruit biomass. On the other hand, the 12 and 240 mg kg−1 doses decreased mycorrhizal dependency, but no ZnO NPs dose affected mycorrhizal colonization. In turn, the inoculation with AMF increased all growth and fruit yield variables, but not the antioxidant capacity of habanero pepper. Besides, an antagonistic effect on fruit biomass was found between the addition of ZnO NPs and the inoculation with AMF. These results demonstrate that the application of ZnO NPs within the dosage range of 1.2 to 240 mg kg−1 enhances the yield of C. chinense without impacting its mycorrhizal interaction.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Ph.D. María del Carmen González-Chávez and Ph.D. Héctor Estrada-Medina for the discussion of ideas, as well as C.A.B. Concepción Capetillo Leal, MSc. Ofelia Beltrán Paz, and MSc. Gerardo Martínez Jardines for their assistance with laboratory work. The Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías (CONAHCyT) funded the Ph.D. scholarship of Uriel Solís-Rodríguez.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ecología Tropical, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Mérida, Yucatán, México

    Uriel Solís-Rodríguez & José A. Ramos-Zapata

  2. Departamento de Ingeniería ambiental, Escuela de Ingeniería, Universidad Anáhuac Cancún, Cancún, Quintana Roo, México

    Uriel Solís-Rodríguez

  3. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y del Suelo, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México

    Bruno Chávez-Vergara

  4. Laboratorio Nacional de Geoquímica y Mineralogía (LANGEM), México, 04510, Ciudad de México, México

    Bruno Chávez-Vergara

  5. Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, 97203, Yucatán, México

    Rudy Trejo-Tzab

  6. Laboratorio de Espectroscopía Atómica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Yucatán, México

    Daniel Rosas-Sánchez

  7. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Mocochá, 97454, Yucatán, México

    Elizabeth Herrera-Parra

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  1. Uriel Solís-Rodríguez
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Contributions

José A. Ramos-Zapata and Elizabeth Herrera-Parra contributed to conceptualization, funding, project administration, resources, methodology, writing—original draft, and writing—review and editing. Uriel Solís-Rodríguez contributed to conceptualization, methodology, writing—original draft, and writing—review and editing. Bruno Chávez-Vergara, Rudy Trejo-Tzab, and Daniel Rosas-Sánchez contributed to resources, methodology, and writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to José A. Ramos-Zapata.

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Elizabeth Herrera-Parra and José A. Ramos-Zapata share joint senior authorship.

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Solís-Rodríguez, U., Chávez-Vergara, B., Trejo-Tzab, R. et al. Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth, yield, and antioxidant capacity of Capsicum chinense Jacq. (Habanero pepper). J Nanopart Res 26, 139 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-024-06049-5

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