Results are presented for research on the problem of increasing the stability and durability of a diffusion aluminized coating on carbon steel 45 when held in an oxidizing atmosphere at 1100°C. A method is proposed for aluminizing from a three-layer impregnation mixture in which resorption of the aluminized layer is excluded and good oxidation resistance of the protected steel is provided. Experimental tests of an aluminized specimen made of steel 45 at a temperature of 1100°C for 200 hours showed that under the specified conditions there is 10% better oxidation resistance than for steel 12X18H10T and 1140% better than for unaluminized steel 45.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11015-021-01173-2/MediaObjects/11015_2021_1173_Fig1_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11015-021-01173-2/MediaObjects/11015_2021_1173_Fig2_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11015-021-01173-2/MediaObjects/11015_2021_1173_Fig3_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11015-021-01173-2/MediaObjects/11015_2021_1173_Fig4_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11015-021-01173-2/MediaObjects/11015_2021_1173_Fig5_HTML.jpg)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
G. V. Borisenok, L. A. Vasil’ev, L. G. Voroshnin, et al., Chemical Heat Treatment of Metals and Alloys. Handbook [in Ruussian], Metallurgiya, Moscow (1981).
B. P. Bimbaev, T. V. Budaev, V. A. Butukhanov, and B. D. Lygdenov, “Study of siliciding carbon steels,” Polzunov. Al’manakh, No. 1, 21–23 (2012).
A. I. Arslanova and A. V. Rubtsov, “Features of steel siliciding,” in: Proc. Mater. 69th Sci.-Tech. Conf. for Students, Aspirants, and Young Scientists of UGNTU (2018).
A. G. Chirkova, A.V. Rubtsov, A. I. Arslanova, V. A. Gafarova, and I. R. Kuzeev, “Siliciding highly alloyed steel from a solid phase,” Neftegaz. Delo., 17, No. 4, 93–99 (2019).
A. V. Golovanov, A. G. Radyuk, V. I. Slavov, V. P. Baranov, A. E. Titlyanov, and Yu. Z. Kul’mamet’eva, “Structure and phase composition of a surface layer on steel after aluminizing,” Metalloved. Term. Obrab. Metallov, No. 6(636), 42–45 (2008.
V. I. Murav’ev, P. V. Bakhmatov, S. Z. Lonchakov, and N. G. Chinilov, “Effect of aluminizing structural steels in molten aluminum on the structure and properties of objects made from them,” Uprochn. Tekhnol. Pokrytiya, No. 11(107), 25–32 (2013).
V. F. Danenko, L. M. Gurevich, and G. V. Ponkratova, “Effect of aluminizing on structure and properties of steel St3,” Izv. VGTU, No. 9(136), 30–34 (2014).
V. G. Shmorgun, O. V. Slautin, and V. P. Kulevich, “Features of diffusion interaction n a steel-aluminum composite after explosive welding and aluminizing by charging into melt,” Metallurg, No. 7, 84–89 (2019).
V. G. Shmorgun, A. I. Bogdanov, A. O. Taube, and L. D. Iskhakova, “Phase composition of heat-resistant layered coatings of the Al–Cr–Ni system,” Metallurgist, 60, No. 9–10, 1113–1119 (2017).
A. I. Kovtunov, T. V. Chermashentseva, and Yu. Yu. Khokhlov, “Study of steel aluminizing in melts alloyed with titanium,” Tr. GOSNITI, 108, 241–244 (2011).
V. G. Khizhnyak, M. V. Arshuk, and O. É. Datsyuk, “Diffusion coating with participation of titanium, aluminum, and silicon on steel 12Kh,” Nauch. Vesti. Nats, Tekhn. Univ. Ukrainy, Kiev Politekh. Inst., No. 5(97), 84–88 (2014).
V. G. Khizhnyak, M. V. Arshuk, and O. É. Datsyuk, “Diffusion coating of titanium and aluminum with participation of a Ti barrier layer on steel 12Kh,” Izv. Vuz. Chern. Met., 57, N0. 9, 57–62 (2014).
G. F. Vander Voort, et al., “Color metallography. ASM handbook,” Metallography and Microstructures, 9, 493–512 (2004); https://doi.org/10.1361/asmhba0003752.
A. A. Kazakov, S. V. Ryaboshuk, D. A. Lyubochko, and L. S. Chigintsev, “Research on the origin of nonmetallic inclusions in high-strength low-alloy steel using automated feature analysis,” Microscopy and Microanalysis, 21, No. 3, 1755–1756 (2015).
A. Kazakov, S. Kovalev, and S. Ryaboshuk, “Metallurgical expertise as the base for determination of nature of defects in metal products,” CIS Iron and Steel Review, No. 1–2, 7–13 (2007).
A. Kazakov and D. Kiselev, “Industrial application of Thixomet,” Metallography, Microstructure, and Analysis, 294–301 (2016). DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s13632-016-0289-6.
G. F. Vander Voort, “Computer-aided microstructural analysis of specialty steels,” Materials Characterization, No. 27, 241–260 (1991).
S. G. Ivanov, A. M. Gur’ev, S. A. Zemlyakov, M. A. Gur’ev, and V. V. Romanenko, “Features of preparing specimens for automatic analysis of carbide phase for steel Kh12F1 after carburizing in a vacuum with use of Thixomet PRO software,” Polzunov. Vestnik, No. 2, 165–168 (2020).
N. P. Lyakishev (editor), Binary Metal Ssystem Composition Diagrams [in Russian], Vol. 1 and 2, Mashniostroenie, Moscow (1996–2000).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated from Metallurg, Vol. 65, No. 4, pp. 58–62, March, 2021. Russian DOI: 10.52351/00260827_2021_04_58.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gur’ev, A.M., Krasnikov, K.A., Zemlyakov, S.A. et al. Improvement of Carbon Steel Scale Resistance by Combined Titanizing and Aluminizing from Multilayer Coatings. Metallurgist 65, 433–438 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11015-021-01173-2
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11015-021-01173-2