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Biological hierarchically structured porous materials (Bio-HSPMs) for biomedical applications

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Abstract

Materials science contributes to the development of various disciplines whose shared goal is aiding living organisms or improving man-made structures. Biological hierarchically structured porous materials [Bio-HSPMs: e.g., zeolites, mesoporous silicas, other oxides, organic polymers, covalent organic frameworks (COFs), metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), graphene, molybdenum disulfate (MOS2), and porous nanocomposites] are among the latest advances in the synthesis, characterization, and application of materials. In Bio-HSPMs, hierarchy enables the outstanding properties (e.g., high surface area, excellent accessibility of active sites, and enhanced mass transport/diffusion) that lend these materials to be used in high-performance applications in various fields. In this paper, we cover the classification, characterization, toxicity, optimization, milestones, challenges, and future directions regarding the research and development of Bio-HSPMs for biomedical applications. Our efforts will aid multidisciplinary scientists who are planning to expand their research into this emerging area of research.

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Acknowledgements

PK wants to thank the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), New Delhi, for funding under ‘Empowerment and Equity Opportunities for Excellence in Science’ (Project’s Reference No. EEQ/2016/000484). This study was supported by a grant from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT, & Future Planning (No. 2016R1E1A1A01940995).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nano Sciences & Materials, Central University of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 181143, India

    Pawan Kumar

  2. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni Ro, Seoul, 04763, South Korea

    Pawan Kumar & Ki-Hyun Kim

  3. Formulation & Drug Delivery Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India

    Ankit Saneja

  4. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110001, India

    Ankit Saneja & Manil Kukkar

  5. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Bei**g Institute of Technology, Bei**g, 100081, People’s Republic of China

    Bo Wang

  6. Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIR-CSIO), Sector 30-C, Chandigarh, 160030, India

    Manil Kukkar

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Kumar, P., Kim, KH., Saneja, A. et al. Biological hierarchically structured porous materials (Bio-HSPMs) for biomedical applications. J Porous Mater 26, 655–675 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-018-0660-x

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