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The effects of growth conditions on the surface properties and photocatalytic activities of anatase TiO2 films prepared via electrochemical anodizing and annealing methods

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Abstract

In the present work, nanostructured TiO2 films were prepared by electrochemical anodization process of titanium in fluoride-containing electrolytes using an innovative approach. After anodization, the TiO2 films were annealed at 480 °C for 2 h in air in order to acquire anatase phase transformation and increase its crystallinity. The effects of anodization voltage, electrolyte concentration and anodization time on the formation of TiO2 films and the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) were discussed in details. The phase structure and surface morphology of the samples characterized by means of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. The as-prepared nanostructured TiO2 film anodized in 0.5% HF electrolyte at 15 V for 240 min showed excellent photocatalytic degradation of MB and is promising for environmental purification.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are indebted to State Planning Foundation (DPT, Grant Number 2009.K120600) and Dokuz Eylul University for financial and infrastructural support in the establishment of Dokuz Eylul University, Center for Production and Applications of Electronic Materials (EMUM) where this research was carried out. The financial support supplied by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, Grant Number 2211-D.2015-2) to the second author is acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Cigli, 35620, Izmir, Turkey

    Tuncay Dikici

  2. The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Buca, 35390, Izmir, Turkey

    Metin Yurddaskal

  3. Center for Fabrication and Applications of Electronic Materials (EMUM), Dokuz Eylul University, Buca, 35390, Izmir, Turkey

    Metin Yurddaskal & Erdal Celik

  4. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Marmara University, Kadikoy, 34722, Istanbul, Turkey

    Selim Demirci

  5. The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Marmara University, Kadikoy, 34722, Istanbul, Turkey

    Selim Demirci

  6. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Buca, 35390, Izmir, Turkey

    Erdal Celik

  7. Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Buca, 35390, Izmir, Turkey

    Erdal Celik

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  1. Tuncay Dikici
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  4. Erdal Celik
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Correspondence to Metin Yurddaskal.

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Dikici, T., Yurddaskal, M., Demirci, S. et al. The effects of growth conditions on the surface properties and photocatalytic activities of anatase TiO2 films prepared via electrochemical anodizing and annealing methods. J Porous Mater 24, 1535–1544 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-017-0393-2

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