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Synthesis of Co3O4 @ Organo/Polymeric Bentonite Structures as Environmental Photocatalysts and Antibacterial Agents for Enhanced Removal of Methyl Parathion and Pathogenic Bacteria

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Abstract

Two green nanocomposites of Co3O4 decorated CTAB/bentonite (Co@CT/BE) and chitosan/bentonite (Co@CH/BE) were synthesized as enhanced and environmental photocatalysts and antibacterial agents. As photocatalysts, the products were applied in the effective oxidation of toxic methyl parathion pesticide (MP) in wastewater under a visible light source. The application of Co@CH/BE (0.02 g) resulted in the complete oxidation of MP (50 mg/L) after 40 min and complete mineralization after 60 min. while the complete oxidation and mineralization of MP (50 mg/L) by Co@CT/BE was recognized after 75 min and 100 min, respectively. The Co@CH/BE composite is of higher activity than Co@CT/BE and can cause complete oxidation for MP at high concentrations up to 100 mg/L after 75 min. The oxidation pathway was illustrated considering the existence of the hydroxyl radicals as the active oxidizing species and the identified secondary organic compounds during the oxidation tests. The detected intermediate converted into end products of CO2 and inorganic anions of SO4−2, NO3−, and PO4−3 at the final stages of the oxidation processes. As antibacterial agents, the two composites exhibit considerable inhabitation zones of about 20 mm against both the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio Sp. The synthetic Co@CH/BE showed the best antibacterial properties with 200 μg/mL as minimum inhibitory against Staphylococcus aureus.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2022R5), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

The funded was provided by Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (Grant No: PNURSP2022R5).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 65211, Egypt

    Mostafa R. Abukhadra

  2. Materials Technologies and Their Applications Lab, Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef City, Egypt

    Mostafa R. Abukhadra

  3. Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 65211, Egypt

    Islam Saad

  4. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. BOX 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia

    Sarah I. Othman

  5. Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt

    Ahmed A. Allam

  6. Microbiology Laboratory, Botany and Microbiology, Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt

    Walid Fathallah

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  1. Mostafa R. Abukhadra
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  2. Islam Saad
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  3. Sarah I. Othman
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Correspondence to Mostafa R. Abukhadra.

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The original online version of this article was revised: In this article the affiliation details for author Sarah I. Othman were given as “Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia” but should have been “Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. BOX 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia”. Further, the statement in the Funding information section was incorrectly given as ‘Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University’ and should have read “Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University”. The original article has been corrected.

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Abukhadra, M.R., Saad, I., Othman, S.I. et al. Synthesis of Co3O4 @ Organo/Polymeric Bentonite Structures as Environmental Photocatalysts and Antibacterial Agents for Enhanced Removal of Methyl Parathion and Pathogenic Bacteria. J Inorg Organomet Polym 32, 2600–2614 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-022-02346-5

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