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Adulteration Detection and Quantification in Olive Oil Using Excitation-Emission Matrix Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Chemometrics

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Abstract

This research investigates the use of excitation-emission matrix fluorescence (EEMF) in conjunction with chemometric models to rapidly identify and quantify adulteration in olive oil, a critical concern where sample availability is limited. Adulteration is simulated by blending soybean, peanut, and linseed oils into olive oil, creating diverse adulterated samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the EEMF spectral data as an initial exploratory measure to cluster and differentiate adulterated samples. Spatial clustering enabled vivid visualization of the variations and trends in the spectra. The novel application of parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) for data decomposition in this paper focuses on unraveling correlations between the decomposed components and the actual adulterated components, which offers a novel perspective for accurately quantifying adulteration levels. Additionally, a comparative analysis was conducted between the PCA and PARAFAC methodologies. Our study not only unveils a new avenue for the quantitative analysis of adulterants in olive oil through spectral detection but also highlights the potential for applying these insights in practical, real-world scenarios, thereby enhancing detection capabilities for various edible oil samples. This promises to improve the detection of adulteration across a range of edible oil samples, offering significant contributions to food safety and quality assurance.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grants 61805178; the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation under grants ZR2018PF016 and ZR2019MD011.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics and Electronic Information, Weifang University, Weifang, 261061, China

    Zhang Lujun, Cai Nuo, Huang **aodong, Fan **nmin, Gao Juanjuan, Gao **, Wang Yan & Wang Chunyan

  2. Science and Technology on Electro-Optical Information Security Control Laboratory, Tian**, 300308, China

    Li Sensen

Authors
  1. Zhang Lujun
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  2. Cai Nuo
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  3. Huang **aodong
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  4. Fan **nmin
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  5. Gao Juanjuan
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  6. Gao **
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  7. Li Sensen
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  8. Wang Yan
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  9. Wang Chunyan
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Z.L., C.N. and L.S. performed material preparation and data collection. H.X. and G.J. (Gao Juanjuan) performed the data analysis. G.J. (Gao **) prepared Figs. 1 and 2 and F.X. prepared Figs. 3 and 4, and Z.L. prepared Figs. 5, 6 and 7. Z.L. and C.N. wrote the first draft of the manuscript. W.Y. and W.C. reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Wang Yan or Wang Chunyan.

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Lujun, Z., Nuo, C., **aodong, H. et al. Adulteration Detection and Quantification in Olive Oil Using Excitation-Emission Matrix Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Chemometrics. J Fluoresc (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-024-03613-z

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