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Regulated Ni–Zn–Co ferrites: structural, electrical and magnetic properties tailored by co do**

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Abstract

In this investigation, synthesized Co substituted Ni-Zn ferrites {Ni0.6Zn0.4−xCoxFe2O4 (for x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20)} followed by double sintering method have been characterized by crystallographic, morphological, electrical and magnetic properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis as well as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) measurements of all the compositions verify the emergence of spinel cubic (single-phase) crystal structure. For Ni–Zn–Co ferrites, a cation dissemination has been suggested from the site occupancy preferences of different cations and its accuracy was confirmed by comparing the theoretically and experimentally computed lattice parameters as well as by measuring the magnetic moment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed diminished crystallite grains of average size 644 and 677 nm for 15% and 20% Co-doped compositions. An exceptional rise in dielectric constant for 10% Co-doped composite was observed at lower frequencies. AC conductivity of Co-doped ferrites showed that \({\sigma }_{AC}\) decreases with increased Co content. A single incomplete semicircle for all the investigated compositions is observed in the Nyquist plot. The impedance and modulus spectrums analysis confirmed that Co substituted samples attain non-Debye kind dielectric relaxation. The maximum relaxation time τ of 4.19 µs was found for 20% Co-doped content. The 15% Co-doped composite exhibits a significant increment in saturation magnetization (87.39 emu/g) and in magnetic moment (3.69 \({{\upmu }}_{\text{B}})\). The value of initial permeability decreases noticeably with increased Co addition. Magnetic loss (\(\text{t}\text{a}\text{n}{\delta }_{M}\)) vs. frequency plot shows the beginning of relaxation peaks for all the NZCFO composites at higher (> 107 Hz) frequencies.

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The datasets collected and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express their heart-felt gratitude to the Materials Science Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka, for extending the use of experimental facilities. We also acknowledge the Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences (CARS), University of Dhaka and Nano and Advanced Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Dhaka, for their co-operation while carrying out this research. The authors would also like to thank the Bose Centre for Advanced Study and Research in Natural Science, University of Dhaka, for supporting this work.

Funding

One of the authors (U. S. Akther) got partial financial support (fellowship) form Bose Centre for Advanced Study and Research in Natural Science, University of Dhaka.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh

    Armin Anwar & K. H. Maria

  2. Green University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh

    U. S. Akther

  3. Department of Physics, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh

    M. K. Alam

  4. Materials Science Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh

    A. Kumar & M. N. I. Khan

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Authors MNIK, USA and AA contributed to the study of conception and design. Material preparation and data collection and analysis were performed by USA, AA, KHM, MKA and AK. The first draft of the manuscript was written by AA and KHMaria. All authors commented on the previous version of the manuscript and after reading it they have approved the final manuscript.

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Anwar, A., Akther, U.S., Maria, K.H. et al. Regulated Ni–Zn–Co ferrites: structural, electrical and magnetic properties tailored by co do**. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 19 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11748-1

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