Abstract
In the present work, spinel ferrites with the chemical formula of MgxCo1 − xFe2O4 (x = 0.3, 0.5, 0.7) Nps were successfully synthesized by co-precipitation method. The structural, functional, morphological and magnetic properties of the magnesium cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were discussed. TG/DT analysis revealed the endo/exothermic behaviour of the magnesium cobalt ferrite Nps. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the cubic spinel with Fd3m space group of the MgxCo1 − xFe2O4 Nps. The FT-IR spectra revealed the presence of metal oxide stretching vibrations, the two absorption bands observed at 552 cm−1 and 437 cm−1 which are attributed to the formation of magnesium cobalt ferrite Nps. FESEM indicates the spherical nature of the prepared magnesium cobalt ferrite Nps. The EDAX spectrum confirms the existence of Co, Mg, Fe and O element in magnesium cobalt ferrite Nps. The mean crystallite size of calcinated nanoparticles was calculated by Scherrer’s formula and the same is also confirmed by HRTEM. The saturation magnetization and coercivity values decreased with increasing magnesium concentration in magnesium cobalt ferrite Nps. The prepared materials shows the transformation of hard ferrimagnetic to soft ferrimagnetic nature. The synthesized materials are potential candidate of high-density recording media applications.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
G. Lavorato, M. Alzamora, C. Contreras, G. Burlandy, F.J. Litterst, E. Baggio-Saitovitch, Internal structure and magnetic properties in cobalt ferrite nanoparticles: influence of the synthesis method. Part. Part. Syst. Charact. 36(4), 1900061 (2019)
R. Kirithiga, J. Hemalatha, Investigation of thermophysical properties of aqueous magnesium ferrite nanofluids. J. Mol. Liq 317, 113944 (2020)
T.W. Mammo, N. Murali, C.V. Kumari, S.J. Margarette, A. Ramakrishna, R. Vemuri, Y.B. Shankar Rao, K.L. Vijaya Prasad, Y. Ramakrishna, K. Samatha, Synthesis, structural, dielectric and magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite nanomaterial prepared by sol-gel autocombustion technique. Phys. B Condens. Matter. 581, 411769 (2020)
B.J. Rani, M. Ravina, B. Saravanakumar, G. Ravi, V. Ganesh, S. Ravichandran, R. Yuvakkumar, Ferrimagnetism in cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles. Nano-Struct. Nano-Obj. 14, 84–91 (2018)
T. Dippong, E.A. Levei, O. Cadar, Formation, structure and magnetic properties of MFe2O4@ SiO2 (M= Co, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu) nanocomposites. Materials 14(5), 1139 (2021)
T. Dippong, E.A. Levei, C.L. Lengauer, A. Daniel, D. Toloman, O. Cadar, Investigation of thermal, structural, morphological and photocatalytic properties of CuxCo1-xFe2O4 (0≤ x≤ 1) nanoparticles embedded in SiO2 matrix. Mater. Charact. 163, 110268 (2020)
D. Mohanty, S.K. Satpathy, B. Behera, R.K. Mohapatra, Dielectric and frequency dependent transport properties in magnesium doped CuFe2O4 composite. Mater. Today: Proc. 33, 5226–5231 (2020)
E. Petrova, D. Kotsikau, V. Pankov, A. Fahmi, Influence of synthesis methods on structural and magnetic characteristics of Mg–Zn-ferrite nanopowders. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 473, 85–91 (2019)
W.S. Mohamed, M. Alzaid, M.S.M. Abdelbaky, Z. Amghouz, S. García-Granda, M. Abu-Dief, Impact of Co2+ substitution on microstructure and magnetic properties of CoxZn1-xFe2O4 nanoparticles. J. Nanomater. 9(11), 1602 (2019)
P.K. Tembhurne, S.M. Suryawanshi, K.G. Rewatkar, D.S. Chaudhary, S.J. Dhoble, Cation distribution of Ni2+ and Mg2+ ions improve structure and magnetic properties of spinel ferrites. Int. J. Chem. Math. Phys. 5, 7–13 (2020)
P. Bakale, P. Guggari, A. Keste, A.S. Pujar, S.N. Mathad, C.S. Hiremath, P.R. Jeergal, R.B. Pujar, Synthesis, Structural and Mechanical Properties of Ni1-xCdxFe2O4 Ferrites (X=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4). Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. 06(02), 1285–1290 (2019). https://doi.org/10.29294/IJASE.6.2.2019.1285-1290
R. Sagayaraj, S. Aravazhi, G. Chandrasekaran, Effect of zinc content on structural, functional, morphological, resonance, thermal and magnetic properties of Co1− xZnxFe2O4/PVP nanocomposites. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. Mater 29(6), 2252–2261 (2019)
M.Z. Khan, I.H. Gul, A. Malik, Improved electrical properties displayed by Mg2+-Substituted cobalt ferrite nano particles, prepared via co-precipitation route. J. Supercond. Nov. Magn. 33(10), 3133–3144 (2020)
R. Vemuri, G. Raju, M.G. Kiran, M.S.N.A. Prasad, E. Rajesh, G.P. Kumar, N. Murali, Effect on structural and magnetic properties of Mg2+ substituted cobalt nano ferrite. Res. Phys. 12, 947–952 (2019)
Z.I. Abdeen, A.I. Ghoneim, Improving of the Mg-Co nanoferrites efficiency for crude oil adsorption from aqueous solution by blending them with chitosan hydrogel. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 27(16), 19038–19048 (2020)
K. Chandra, S. Singhal, S. Goyal, Magnetic and Mössbauer spectral studies of nano crystalline cobalt substituted magnesium ferrites (MgxCo1−xFe2O4), in ICAME 2007. ed. by N.S. Gajbhiye, S.K. Date (Springer, Berlin, 2008), pp.247–252
A.G. Abraham, A. Manikandan, E. Manikandan, S. Vadivel, S.K. Jaganathan, A. Baykal, P.S. Renganathan, Enhanced magneto-optical and photo-catalytic properties of transition metal cobalt (Co2+ ions) doped spinel MgFe2O4 ferrite nanocomposites. J. Magn. Magn. Mater 452, 380–388 (2018)
Z. Ahmad, S. Atiq, S.K. Abbas, S.M. Ramay, S. Riaz, S. Naseem, Structural and complex impedance spectroscopic studies of Mg-substituted CoFe2O4. Ceram. Int. 42(16), 18271–18282 (2016)
H.S. Mund, P. Prajapat, V. Singh, Effect of annealing temperature on structural properties of Co0.6Mg0.4Fe2O4 nano-ferrite. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2265, No. 1, 030049). AIP Publishing LLC (2020).
C. Rajeevgandhi, P. Sivagurunathan, Excellent performance of electrical and supercapacitor application of cadmium cobalt ferrite nanoparticles synthesized by chemical co-precipitation technique. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 33(21), 16791–16804 (2019)
A.H. Piracha, S.M. Ramay, S. Atiq, S.A. Siddiqi, M. Saleem, M.S. Anwar, Dielectric and magnetic investigations of mixed cubic spinel Co-ferrites with controlled Mg content. J. Electroceramics 34(2), 122–129 (2015)
A.C. Druc, A.I. Borhan, A. Diaconu, A.R. Iordan, G.G. Nedelcu, L. Leontie, M.N. Palamaru, How cobalt ions substitution changes the structure and dielectric properties of magnesium ferrite? Ceram. Int. 40(8), 13573–13578 (2014)
M.K. Shobana, G. Nandhini, S. Kavita, V.S. Kumar, T. Pazhanivel, Photocatalytic and magnetic properties of Mg substituted cobalt ferrite. MSEB 286, 116030 (2022)
S. Atiq, H.H. Assi, S.M. Ramay, S. Riaz, S. Naseem, Synthesis and characterization of Mg-substituted CoFe2O4 Magnetic Photocatalysts. ACEM16 (2016)
U. Wongpratat, S. Maensiri, E. Swatsitang, Effect of Mg substitution on magnetic properties of Co1−xMgxFe2O4 nanoparticles investigated by EXAFS analysis. Ceram. Int. 43, S351–S358 (2017)
E.E. Ateia, A.T. Mohamed, Improvement of the magnetic properties of magnesium nanoferrites via Co2+/Ca2+ do**. J. Supercond. Nov. Magn. 30(3), 627–633 (2017)
K. Ramarao, B.R. Babu, B.K. Babu, V. Veeraiah, K. Rajasekhar, B.R. Kumar, B.S. Latha, Enhancement in magnetic and electrical properties of Ni substituted Mg ferrite. Mater. Sci. Poland 36(4), 644–654 (2018)
S. Jauhar, S. Singhal, M. Dhiman, Manganese substituted cobalt ferrites as efficient catalysts for H2O2 assisted degradation of cationic and anionic dyes: their synthesis and characterization. Appl. Catal. 486, 210–218 (2014)
P.N. Anantharamaiah, P.A. Joy, Enhancing the strain sensitivity of CoFe2O4 at low magnetic fields without affecting the magnetostriction coefficient by substitution of small amounts of Mg for Fe. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 18(15), 10516–10527 (2016)
Q. Lin, Y. He, J. Lin, F. Yang, L. Wang, J. Dong, Structural and magnetic studies of Mg substituted cobalt composite oxide catalyst Co1−xMgxFe2O4. J. Magn. Magn. Mater 469, 89–94 (2019)
H.S. Mund, B.L. Ahuja, Structural and magnetic properties of Mg doped cobalt ferrite nano particles prepared by sol-gel method. Mater. Res. Bull. 85, 228–233 (2017)
T. Dippong, O. Cadar, E.A. Levei, C. Leostean, L.B. Tudoran, Effect of annealing on the structure and magnetic properties of CoFe2O4: SiO2 nanocomposites. Ceram. Int. 43(12), 9145–9152 (2017)
T. Dippong, O. Cadar, E.A. Levei, I.G. Deac, G. Borodi, Formation of CoFe2O4/PVA-SiO2 nanocomposites: effect of diol chain length on the structure and magnetic properties. Ceram. Int. 44(9), 10478–10485 (2018)
A. Saleem, Y. Zhang, H. Gong, M.K. Majeed, J. **g, X. Lin, J. Mao, M.Z. Ashfaq, Structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of nano-crystalline spinel NixCu1-xFe2O4. J. Alloys Compd. 825, 154017 (2020)
Funding
The authors have not disclosed any funding.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors have not disclosed any competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Raja Seetharaman, M.S., Sivagurunathan, P. Structural, morphological and magnetic properties of MgxCo1 − xFe2O4 Nps by co-precipitation method. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 502 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-09627-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-09627-2