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Si–Cu alloy nanowires grown by oblique angle deposition as a stable negative electrode for Li-ion batteries

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Abstract

Thin films having nanocolumnar arrays made of various Si–Cu atomic ratios (90–10, 80–20, 70–30 %) are fabricated by an ion-assisted oblique angle co-deposition technique to produce stable negative electrodes for lithium-ion batteries. Cu is added into the electrode because of its ductility and electron conductivity. Cu plays a crucial role in holding the electrode together, minimizing overall capacity loss and enabling faster electron transfer. Plus, Cu is inactive versus Li+; therefore, Si–Cu variation is expected to affect the electrochemical performances of the electrodes. In this work, the effect of Si–Cu atomic ratios on the morphologies and the structures of the electrodes are studied. Plus, the uses of these nanocolumns with different Cu contents are evaluated as anodes by electrochemical tests. The morphological analyses demonstrate that an increase in Si–Cu atomic ratio affects the width of the nanocolumns and the homogeneity of the thin film morphology. The increase in Cu content dramatically improves the capacity retention of Si–Cu anodes, whereas it decreases the initial discharge capacity.

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Acknowledgements

This work is a part of the research Project 213M511 approved by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBİTAK). Research at Argonne National Laboratory was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Vehicle Technologies Office. Argonne National Laboratory is operated for the US Department of Energy by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgical and Material Science Engineering, Ayazaga Campus, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey

    B. D. Polat & O. Keles

  2. Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA

    Z. H. Chen & K. Amine

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  1. B. D. Polat
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  2. O. Keles
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Correspondence to O. Keles or K. Amine.

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Polat, B.D., Keles, O., Chen, Z.H. et al. Si–Cu alloy nanowires grown by oblique angle deposition as a stable negative electrode for Li-ion batteries. J Mater Sci 51, 6207–6219 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-9918-3

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