Abstract
Dissolved oxygen (DO) level at the sediment–water interface is one key factor controlling redox-sensitive processes, such as nutrient cycling. Microcosm experiments with sediment collected from three reservoirs were performed to quantify the influences of water column oxygenation (oxic, anoxic, oxygen fluctuation), sediment characteristics (grain size distribution, total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents, microbial activities), and their interactions on nutrient fluxes from sediments to the water column. Algal growth bioassays were also performed using water from the microcosms to determine which conditions produced the most favorable growth conditions. Anoxic conditions increased the release of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), mainly as ammonium and phosphates, compared to the other DO conditions. Such effects were likely due to an inhibition of the nitrification–denitrification coupling process for DIN and a reductive dissolution of Fe (III) oxides for phosphates. Following this increased nutrient availability, algal growth in the bioassays was the highest in water collected from microcosms exposed to anoxic conditions. Under both oxic and anoxic conditions, the percentage of fine sediment particles led to decreasing DIN and phosphates fluxes by reducing the nutrient diffusion rate from sediments to the water column. Finally, both DO and sediment grain size controlled the contribution of sediments to reservoir eutrophication.
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The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank the ANRT (Association Nationale Recherche Technologie) and EDF (Electricité de France) for Edwige Gautreau’s Ph.D. Grant (convention bourse CIFRE-EDF: No. 0733/2016). This study was funded by a partnership between EDF and CNRS (CNRS No. 149389) and by a Contrat Plan Etat Région (Lyon Metropole/Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Region/French Government) within the framework of Sedaqua+ Platform (FR 3728 Biodiversité, Eau, Ville, Santé–BioEEnViS-). This work was performed within the framework of the EUR H2O’Lyon (ANR-17-EURE-0018) of Université de Lyon (UdL), within the program ‘‘Investissements d’Avenir’’ operated by the French National Research Agency (ANR). We also thank Athos Environnement (Antoine Thouvenot, David Foltier, and Benjamin Legrand), Pierre Rossignol, Laurent Simon, Pierre Marmonier, Simon Navel, Yohan Lebon, Colin Issartel, and Antoine Gosset for their support and advices during field sampling and laboratory works. The manuscript greatly benefited from insightful comments raised by two anonymous reviewers.
Funding
This work received support from CIFRE-EDF (Grant No. 0733/2016), Électricité de France (Grant No. 149389), Contrat Plan Etat Région (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes) (Grant No. Sedaqua).
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Mermillod-Blondin, F., Gautreau, E., Pinasseau, L. et al. Interactions between sediment characteristics and oxygen conditions at the sediment–water interface of reservoirs: influences on nutrient dynamics and eutrophication. Hydrobiologia 851, 3433–3452 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-024-05508-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-024-05508-3