Abstract
Eutrophication generally favours the growth of cyanobacteria over eukaryotic green algae in freshwater lakes. Cyanobacteria constitute a poor food source for the waterflea Daphnia, an important primary consumer of phytoplankton in lakes. While it is known that some Daphnia species are adapted to eutrophic conditions and can cope with cyanobacteria in their diet, it is less known whether cyanobacterial community composition can influence Daphnia population structure in lakes. We studied the variation in genetic diversity of Daphnia resting eggs and cyanobacterial DNA preserved in sediment cores from three European lakes impacted by eutrophication. Our retrospective analysis confirms that D. galeata invaded the two pre-alpine lakes around the middle of the twentieth century, hybridized with and became dominant over D. longispina. This coincides with the presence in all lakes and the increase in the proportion of colonial and filamentous cyanobacteria in the pre-alpine lakes. The recent re-oligotrophication of the lakes did not reverse the cyanobacterial and Daphnia assemblages to their pre-eutrophication composition and genetic structure, suggesting that both changed irreversibly due to anthropogenic influence on the ecosystems. Genetic analyses applied to lake sedimentary archives have the potential to unveil how different compartments of the food web covary in a changing environment.
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Acknowledgements
High-throughput sequencing was performed at Fasteris (Geneva, Switzerland). We thank Jean-Claude Walser (Genetic Diversity Centre, ETH Zürich) for bioinformatics support, and Marco Thali (Eawag) for his help with the sequencing library preparation. We very much appreciate the help of Adrian Cacencu, who was our guide in the Danube Delta, and who helped with Lake Gorgova sampling. We also thank Alois Zwyssig (Eawag) for his help with sampling, Nathalie Dubois and Alfred Lück (Eawag) for sampling and sediment dating, and Marcin Dziuba, Esther Keller, and Aglaia Pârvu for their help in the lab. Finally, we thank Irene Gregory Eaves for her helpful comments and the two anonymous reviewers for their feedback which greatly improved the manuscript. This work was supported by the Swiss Enlargement Contribution; project IZERZ0—142165, “CyanoArchive” to Piet Spaak, in the framework of the Romanian-Swiss Research Programme.
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Guest editors: Koen Martens, Sidinei M. Thomaz, Diego Fontaneto & Luigi Naselli-Flores / Emerging Trends in Aquatic, Ecology II
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Monchamp, ME., Enache, I., Turko, P. et al. Sedimentary and egg-bank DNA from 3 European lakes reveal concurrent changes in the composition and diversity of cyanobacterial and Daphnia communities. Hydrobiologia 800, 155–172 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-017-3247-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-017-3247-7