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The relationship of dietary flavonoids and periodontitis in US population: a cross-sectional NHANES analysis

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Abstract

Objectives

We investigated the association between dietary flavonoids intake and periodontitis.

Materials and methods

This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2010 on 3025 participants aged between 30 and 80 years who had full-mouth periodontal examination and dietary flavonoids intake data. This study used periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) as periodontitis markers. Data were analyzed using multivariate linear regression.

Results

After adjusting confounders, the middle tertile of total dietary flavonoids was associated with decreased mean PPD (0.06 mm, P = 0.016) and mean CAL (0.13 mm, P = 0.001) and the top tertile of total dietary flavonoids was significantly associated with decreases in mean PPD (0.05 mm, P = 0.029) and mean CAL (0.11 mm, P = 0.010). Both the middle and top tertiles of total flavonoids intake were significantly related with decreased mean CAL in females, those flossing 0 days/week, overweight and non-diabetic population but not in males, smokers, those flossing 1–6 days/week and diabetic population. Higher anthocyanidins, flavones and flavonols intake was significantly associated with decreased mean PPD and mean CAL while higher flavanones intake was only significantly associated with decreased mean CAL. Higher anthocyanidins intake was particularly related with greatest decreases in mean CAL (top tertile: 0.22 mm, middle tertile: 0.17 mm, both P < 0.010). However, no significant associations were found between isoflavones and flavan_3_ols intake and mean CAL.

Conclusions

Higher dietary flavonoids intake may be beneficial for periodontal health.

Clinical relevance

Additional anthocyanidins, flavanones, flavones and flavonols intake was associated with improved periodontal health.

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Data availability

The original data are available on the website of NHANES (https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/continuousnhanes/default.aspx?BeginYear=2009) and the USDA FNDDS website (https://www.ars.usda.gov/northeast-area/beltsville-md-bhnrc/beltsville-human-nutrition-research-center/food-surveys-research-group/docs/fndds-flavonoid-database). The processed data in this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank all the staff, investigators and participants involved in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for their contributions.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 8170041519) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University (No. 2021zzts1035). The authors deny any conflicts of interest related to this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Health Management Center, **angya Hospital, Central South University, 87 **angya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China

    Yundong Liu

  2. Changsha Health Vocational College, Changsha, Hunan, 410605, P.R. China

    Tao Yin

  3. Department of Stomatology, **angya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China

    Mi He & Changyun Fang

  4. Department of Infectious Diseases, **angya Hospital, Central South University, 87 **angya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China

    Shifang Peng

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Contributions

Yundong Liu: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis, Writing- Original draft preparation, Writing- Reviewing and Editing, Funding acquisition. Tao Yin: Investigation, Formal analysis, Validation. Mi He: Formal analysis, Funding acquisition. Changyun Fang: Methodology. Shifang Peng: Conceptualization, Methodology.

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Correspondence to Yundong Liu or Shifang Peng.

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The data and information used in this study are publicly available on the NHANES website (https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/index.htm). All investigations and study procedures were approved by the NCHS Research Ethics Review Board. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

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Liu, Y., Yin, T., He, M. et al. The relationship of dietary flavonoids and periodontitis in US population: a cross-sectional NHANES analysis. Clin Oral Invest 28, 168 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-024-05561-1

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