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Bone repair in craniofacial defects treated with different doses of alendronate: a histological, histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical study

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Abstract

Objective

The objective of the study is to evaluate bone repair in rats treated with different alendronate doses.

Matherials and methods

Sixty female rats ovariectomized were randomly divided in three groups: group C (control group), group A1 (ALN/1 mg/kg), and A2 (ALN/ 3 mg/kg). Each animal received subcutaneous applications of sodium alendronate at a dose correspondent to group A1 or A2 three times a week, while the control group received 0.9% saline solution. After 4 weeks of application, a critical defect was created in the calvaria of animals of all groups. The defect was filled by particulate autogenous bone. The applications were maintained until euthanasia, which occurred 15 and 60 days after the surgical procedure. The pieces were sent for histological, histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analysis. The data were submitted to statistical analysis with significance level of 0.05.

Results

The descriptive histological analysis demonstrated an increase in bone neoformation in both groups treated with alendronate when compared to the control group. The histomorphometric analysis showed an increase in the amount of neoformed bone in A1 and A2 groups when compared to group C, both at 15 days (p = 0.0002) and at 60 days (p = 0.001). In the immunohistochemical analysis, it was possible to observe a difference in immunolabeling just for Mmp2 at the time of 60 days in A1 (p = 0.001) and A2 (p = 0.023) when compared to the control group.

Conclusion

Systemic delivery of alendronate, regardless of the dose, increased the amount of bone neoformation.

Clinical relevance

Prescription of sodium alendronate at 1 mg/kg for improvement of bone neoformation in bone graft procedures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Health Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

    Naylin de Oliveira, Jefferson Oliveira, Letícia de Souza Moraes, Suyany Gabriely Weiss & Luís Henrique Chaves

  2. Master Program in Biotecnology, Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

    Thais Costa Casagrande

  3. School of Health Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Positivo University, 5300 Professor Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza Street, Campo Comprido, Curitiba, PR, 81280-330, Brazil

    Tatiana Miranda Deliberador, Allan Fernando Giovanini, João César Zielak & Rafaela Scariot

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  1. Naylin de Oliveira
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Correspondence to Rafaela Scariot.

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All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. All procedures performed in studies involving animals were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institution or practice at which the studies were conducted.

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de Oliveira, N., Oliveira, J., de Souza Moraes, L. et al. Bone repair in craniofacial defects treated with different doses of alendronate: a histological, histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical study. Clin Oral Invest 23, 2355–2364 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2670-0

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