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Comorbidity and high viral load linked to clinical presentation of respiratory human bocavirus infection

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Abstract

Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a new parvovirus associated with acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI). In order to evaluate HBoV significance as an agent of acute respiratory disease, we screened 1,135 respiratory samples from children and adults with and without symptoms during two complete calendar years. HBoV1 prevalence in patients with ARTI was 6.33 % in 2011 and 11.64 % in 2012, including neonatal and adult patients. HBoV1 was also detected in 3.77 % of asymptomatic individuals. The co-detection rate was 78.1 %. Among children, 87 % were clinically diagnosed with lower respiratory infection (no significant differences between patients with and without coinfection), and 31 % exhibited comorbidities. Pediatric patients with comorbidities were significantly older than patients without comorbidities. Patients with ARTI had either high or low viral load, while controls had only low viral load, but there were no clinical differences between patients with high or low viral load. In conclusion, we present evidence of the pathogenic potential of HBoV1 in young children with ARTI. Since patients with HBoV1-single infection are not significantly different from those with coinfection with respect to clinical features, the virus can be as pathogenic by itself as other respiratory agents are. Furthermore, an association between high HBoV1 load and disease could not be demonstrated in this study, but all asymptomatic individuals had low viral loads. Also, children with comorbidities are susceptible to HBoV1 infection at older ages than previously healthy children. Thus, the clinical presentation of infection may occur depending on both viral load and the particular interaction between the HBoV1 and the host.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by Fundación Alberto J. Roemmers - Laboratorios Roemmers (Argentina) and Secretaría de Ciencia y Tecnología (SeCyT), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba.

Conflict of interest

All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Virología “Dr. J. M. Vanella”, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Calle Enf. Grodillo Gómez S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 5016, Córdoba, Argentina

    Lucía María Ghietto, Diego Majul, Constanza Insfrán, Alicia Cámara & Maria Pilar Adamo

  2. Hospital de Niños de la Santísima Trinidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina

    Patricia Ferreyra Soaje, Liliana Mosca & Laura Beatriz Moreno

  3. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud: Instituto “Dr. Carlos Malbrán”, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Elsa Baumeister & Martín Avaro

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  1. Lucía María Ghietto
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Correspondence to Maria Pilar Adamo.

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Ghietto, L.M., Majul, D., Ferreyra Soaje, P. et al. Comorbidity and high viral load linked to clinical presentation of respiratory human bocavirus infection. Arch Virol 160, 117–127 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-014-2238-5

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