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Long-term comparison of the climate extremes variability in different climate types located in coastal and inland regions of Iran

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Abstract

The present study examined annually and seasonally trends in climate-based and location-based indices after detection of artificial change points and application of homogenization. Thirteen temperature and eight precipitation indices were generated at 27 meteorological stations over Iran during 1961–2012. The Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator were applied for trend detection. Results revealed that almost all indices based on minimum temperature followed warmer conditions. Indicators based on minimum temperature showed less consistency with more cold and less warm events. Climate-based results for all extremes indicated semi-arid climate had the most warming events. Moreover, based on location-based results, inland areas showed the most signs of warming. Indices based on precipitation exhibited a negative trend in warm seasons, with the most changes in coastal areas and inland, respectively. Results provided evidence of warming and drying since the 1990s. Changes in precipitation indices were much weaker and less spatially coherent. Summer was found to be the most sensitive season, in comparison with winter. For arid and semi-arid regions, by increasing the latitude, less warm events occurred, while increasing the longitude led to more warming events. Overall, Iran is dominated by a significant increase in warm events, especially minimum temperature-based indices (nighttime). This result, in addition to fewer precipitation events, suggests a generally dryer regime for the future, which is more evident in the warm season of semi-arid sites. The results could provide beneficial references for water resources and eco-environmental policymakers.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Mr. Yang Feng for his valuable advice and comments during this study. We also appreciate the Data Center of Iranian Meteorological Organization (IRIMO) and their observers for providing the requisite ground measurements.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan

    Fereshteh Ghiami-Shamami & Seirou Shinoda

  2. Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 65178, Iran

    Ali Akbar Sabziparvar

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  1. Fereshteh Ghiami-Shamami
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  2. Ali Akbar Sabziparvar
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Correspondence to Ali Akbar Sabziparvar.

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Ghiami-Shamami, F., Sabziparvar, A.A. & Shinoda, S. Long-term comparison of the climate extremes variability in different climate types located in coastal and inland regions of Iran. Theor Appl Climatol 136, 875–897 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-018-2523-4

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