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Simultaneous trace-level monitoring of seven opioid analgesic drugs in biological samples by pipette-tip micro solid phase extraction based on PVA-PAA/CNT-CNC composite nanofibers followed by  HPLC-UV analysis

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Abstract

Electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol)-(PVA)-poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)/carbon nanotubes(CNTs)-cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) (PVA-PAA/CNT-CNC) composite nanofibers were prepared and characterized using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The resultant composite was used as an effective and novel sorbent for pipette-tip micro-solid phase extraction (PT-μSPE) of seven opioid analgesics (OAs) in biological samples followed by HPLC-UV analysis. Addition of CNT-CNC with the high specific surface area and plenty of OH-functional groups endows the nanofibers with considerable extraction efficiency. Under the optimum conditions, the linearity was obtained in the range 1.5 to 700.0 ng mL−1 for morphine, codeine, oxycodone, and tramadol, and 0.5 to 1000.0 ng mL−1 for nalbuphine, thebaine, and noscapine with coefficient of determination (r2) ≥ 0.9990. Detection limits (LODs) based on S/N = 3 were in the range of 0.15–0.50 ng mL−1. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 4.1–5.4% (intra-day, n = 5) and 5.2–6.4% (inter-day, n = 3) for three consecutive days were achieved. Finally, the efficiency of the PT-μSPE-HPLC-UV method was evaluated for the determination of OAs in human plasma and urine samples with good recoveries (87.3 to 97.8%).

Graphical abstract

A: Schematic illustration for the preparation of PVA-PAA/CNT-CNC composite nanofibers.

B: Schematic presentation of applying PVA-PAA/CNT-CNC composite nanofibers as the sorbent in pipette-tip micro solid-phase extraction (PT–μSPE) for the preconcentration of seven opioid analgesic drugs in biological samples before HPLC–UV analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pollutants, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

    Saeed Hejabri Kandeh, Shima Amini & Homeira Ebrahimzadeh

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  1. Saeed Hejabri Kandeh
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  2. Shima Amini
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  3. Homeira Ebrahimzadeh
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Correspondence to Homeira Ebrahimzadeh.

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Hejabri Kandeh, S., Amini, S. & Ebrahimzadeh, H. Simultaneous trace-level monitoring of seven opioid analgesic drugs in biological samples by pipette-tip micro solid phase extraction based on PVA-PAA/CNT-CNC composite nanofibers followed by  HPLC-UV analysis. Microchim Acta 188, 275 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-021-04931-w

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