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Oleate functionalized magnetic nanoparticles as sorbent for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls in juices

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Abstract

Magnetic oleate-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles were applied to the extraction of PCBs from fruit juices that were quantified by gas chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Two methods were evaluated: The first method involves a two-step procedure that combines dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with dispersive micro-solid phase extraction, and the second one involves magnetic solid-phase extraction (mSPE) carried out in a single step. The mSPE procedure is shown to be more sensitive, and therefore, it was optimized and applied to the analysis of PCBs in juices. The detection limits for all target PCBs are below 6 ng∙L−1 for apple juice, and 3 ng∙L−1 for grape juice. The enrichment factor is 125. Analysis of spiked fruit juice samples gave relative recoveries higher than 70 % for all PCBs except for PCB28 and PCB52.

Diagram of the extractive methods using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs): A) two-step method combining dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) with dispersive micro solid-phase extraction (D-μ-SPE) and B) one-step magnetic solid-phase extraction (mSPE) procedure

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Acknowledgments

This study was financed by the Ministry of Science and Innovation-National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology, INIA, Project number “RTA 2011-00047-00-00”. Authors wish to express their gratefulness to Dr. M.P. Morales, researcher of the Department of Biomaterials and Bioinspired Materials, and to the Scientific Technical Services of Infrared Spectroscopy (ICMM; CSIC) for her help and advice in the characterization of the MNPs and for the IR analysis, respectively. David Ibarra (INIA-CIFOR) is greatly acknowledged for FTIR analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra de la Coruña, 7, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Rosa Ana Pérez, Beatriz Albero, José Luis Tadeo & Consuelo Sánchez-Brunete

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  1. Rosa Ana Pérez
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  2. Beatriz Albero
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  3. José Luis Tadeo
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  4. Consuelo Sánchez-Brunete
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Correspondence to Consuelo Sánchez-Brunete.

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Pérez, R.A., Albero, B., Tadeo, J.L. et al. Oleate functionalized magnetic nanoparticles as sorbent for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls in juices. Microchim Acta 183, 157–165 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-015-1617-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-015-1617-2

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