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Experimental Study on Mechanical Behavior, Fracture Characteristics, and Acoustic Emission Damage Characteristics of Sandstone Under Triaxial Multistage Stress Disturbance

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Abstract

The instability failure of engineering rock mass is caused by the full development of cracks under the combined action of the surrounding rock stress environment and frequent stress disturbance. The development and propagation of cracks is essentially a process of cumulative rock damage and progressive failure. Taking the rock damage induced by crack development under multistage stress disturbance as the theme, combined with the engineering site, this work carried out multistage stress disturbance tests considering disturbance amplitude, time and initial stress factors, aiming at exploring damage mechanism of rock at each disturbance factor and the characteristics of microscopic crack development. The increase of various disturbance factors reduce the peak strength and average elastic modulus of the rock, and increase the axial strain increment at each disturbance stage, which weakens the mechanical properties of the rock. The microcracks development presents a process of “local convergence of microcracks to form damage zone, continuous development of microcracks to expand damage zone, propagation of damage zone to form fracture zone, propagation of fracture zone to form macroscopic fracture surface”. Furthermore, the increase of the disturbance factors promotes crack development and expansion and induces the generation of tensile cracks. The established acoustic emission (AE) Qt value can reflect the development of microscopic cracks within the rock in real time and is negatively correlated with the rock damage state, which can be used as an index for quantitative evaluation of rock damage. The research results can provide some reference and guidance for the monitoring and evaluation of engineering rock mass damage.

Highlights

  • Conduct multistage stress disturbance tests of sandstone under triaxial compression.

  • Analyze the effect of amplitude, time and initial stress on the mechanical behavior of rock.

  • Explore the fracture characteristics and AE damage characteristics of sandstone.

  • Reveal the damage and microscopic crack mechanism of rock under disturbance factor.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support for this work provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42077231, 52274147), Research Foundation for High-level Talents of Anhui University of Science and Technology (2023yjrc71), Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics and Geohazards of Zhejiang Province (ZJRMG-2023-02). The authors would also like to express their sincere gratitude to the editor and anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments, which have greatly improved this paper.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China, 42077231, Sheng-Qi Yang; National Natural Science Foundation of China, 52274147, Zong-Long Mu

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics and Geohazards of Zhejiang Province, School of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China

    Sheng-Qi Yang, **g Yang, Guang-Jian Liu & Man Huang

  2. School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China

    Sheng-Qi Yang, Ke-Sheng Li & Yan-Hua Huang

  3. State Key Laboratory for Mining and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China

    **g Yang

  4. Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Mine Earthquake Monitoring and Prevention, School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China

    Zong-Long Mu

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  1. Sheng-Qi Yang
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  2. **g Yang
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  4. Guang-Jian Liu
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Yang, SQ., Yang, J., Mu, ZL. et al. Experimental Study on Mechanical Behavior, Fracture Characteristics, and Acoustic Emission Damage Characteristics of Sandstone Under Triaxial Multistage Stress Disturbance. Rock Mech Rock Eng (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-024-03994-4

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