Abstract
An improved method for fast and reasonable estimation of seismically induced permanent displacement of bedding rock slopes is proposed in this study. The proposed method introduces the pseudo-dynamic seismic force to account for the amplification effect induced by the slope topography. In addition, real-time updates of the tangential-normal coupling forces on the sliding surface during seismic excitations are implemented. The feasibility and adaptability of the proposed method are verified through a comparison with existing methods. Additionally, the differences between the earthquake-induced displacements calculated using the proposed method and the Newmark method are analyzed using 171 strong ground motion records as input excitations. A parametric sensitivity analysis shows that permanent displacement is significantly influenced by the friction angle of the joint \(\phi\), amplitude of the input acceleration \(P_0\), dip angle of the slope failure plane \(\beta\), and slope height \(H\). Finally, a set of landslide probability maps is obtained, and a landslide probability estimation procedure for slopes is recommended, which provides a convenient way to preliminarily evaluate the seismic stability of bedding rock slopes.
Highlights
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The amplification effect on the seismic response of rock slopes is considered.
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Tangential-normal forces on the sliding surface were coupled.
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Automatic recognition of sliding status is based on the Mohr–Coulomb criterion.
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Landslide probability maps are provided.
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Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 42277176 and 51679231.
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Appendix
Appendix
According to the Chinese Code for seismic design of buildings (GB 50011-2010), the amplification factor \(f_a\) for a slope can be estimated as follows:
where \(\xi\) represents the additional coefficient which is related to the ratio of the distance from the edge of the slope crest L1 to the slope height H. The suggested values for \(\xi\) are \(\xi\)=1.0 for L1/H < 2.5, \(\xi\)=0.6 for 2.5 \(\le\) L1/H < 5 and \(\xi\)=0.3 for L1/H \(\ge\) 5. \(\alpha\) is a coefficient related to the slope height H and the tangent of the slope gradient H/L which can be determined according to Table
10.
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Liu, Y., Shen, H., Li, H. et al. An Improved Method for Estimating Earthquake-Induced Permanent Displacement of Bedding Rock Slopes. Rock Mech Rock Eng (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-024-03971-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-024-03971-x