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Experimental and Numerical Study on the Interface Behaviour Between the Rock Bolt and Bond Material

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Abstract

Conventional tunnelling methods (i.e., the drill and blast tunnelling method or the new Austrian tunnelling method) have been frequently applied for the construction of tunnels/caverns under a high overburden and with a large cross section. Under such adverse conditions, tunnel support materials may yield because of ground pressure and tunnel deformation. As a result, a tunnel may lose its stability due to a reduced effectiveness of the tunnel supports. Rock bolts have been widely used as an essential component of tunnel support, and many studies have been conducted on the performance of rock bolts in strengthening the jointed rock mass. However, there is a lack of understanding on the interface behaviour between the rock bolt and the bond material, especially the crack initiation and propagation inside the bond material. This study aims to investigate the interface behaviour between rock bolts and bond materials using laboratory tests (shear tests) and numerical simulations (Discontinuous deformation analysis). By assessing the impact of the key parameters in the rock bolting system, such as the ribs, rib angle, strength of the bond material and the confining pressure, we are able to better understand the supporting mechanism and the effects of rock bolting.

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Abbreviations

DDA:

Discontinuous deformation analysis

FEM:

Finite element method

RA:

Rib angle

MS:

Mortar strength

CP:

Confining pressure

x, y :

Points inside the DDA block

u, v :

Displacements at any point (x, y)

x 0, y 0 :

Specific point within the DDA block

u 0, v 0 :

Rigid body translation at (x0, y0)

r 0 :

Rotation angle of the block with respect to (x0, y0)

\({\varepsilon _x},{\text{~}}{\varepsilon _y}{\text{~}}\) :

Normal strains in the x and y directions

\({\gamma _{xy}}\) :

Shear strain

\({K_{ij}}({\text{i}} \ne {\text{j}})\) :

6 × 6 sub-matrix that represents the contacts between blocks i and j

\({K_{ij}}({\text{i}}={\text{j}})\) :

Block material stiffness matrix

\({D_i}\) :

Deformation variables \(\left( {{u_0},~{v_{0~}},~{r_{0~}},~{\varepsilon _{x~}},~{\varepsilon _{y~}},~{\gamma _{xy~}}} \right)\)

\({F_i}\) :

Loading on block i distributed to the six deformation variables

UCS:

Uniaxial compressive strength

\({\sigma _{xx}}\) :

Horizontal stress generated in the DDA model

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore, 639798, Singapore

    Yasuhiro Yokota, Zhiye Zhao & Wen Nie

  2. Kajima Corporation, Kajima Technical Research Institute Singapore, 80 Marine Parade Road, #14-09 Parkway Parade, Singapore, 449269, Singapore

    Yasuhiro Yokota & Kensuke Date

  3. Kajima Corporation, Kajima Technical Research Institute, 19-1, Tobitakyu 2-chome, Chofu, Tokyo, 182-0036, Japan

    Keita Iwano & Yuko Okada

Authors
  1. Yasuhiro Yokota
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  2. Zhiye Zhao
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  3. Wen Nie
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  4. Kensuke Date
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  5. Keita Iwano
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  6. Yuko Okada
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Correspondence to Yasuhiro Yokota.

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Yokota, Y., Zhao, Z., Nie, W. et al. Experimental and Numerical Study on the Interface Behaviour Between the Rock Bolt and Bond Material. Rock Mech Rock Eng 52, 869–879 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-018-1629-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-018-1629-4

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