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Resilience of soil aggregation and exocellular enzymatic functions associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities along a successional gradient in a tropical dry forest

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Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are well-known contributors to soil aggregation and nutrient cycling functions, but we still know little about their capacity to resist or recover from persistent disturbance. Rangeland management may deteriorate these functions by affecting the activity of soil biota, including AM fungi, among other consequences. If affected, some soil properties show recovery when management stops and natural regeneration is allowed. We conducted an experiment to evaluate if the functions related to soil aggregation and promotion of exocellular enzymatic activities associated with AM fungal communities had been affected by rangeland management and, if they had, whether they recovered with successional time when management stopped. AM fungal communities from ten sites with different successional ages in a tropical dry forest region were inoculated to the same host growing in pots divided by mesh into a plant compartment and an AM mycelium compartment. We examined soil stable aggregates fractions and enzymatic activities produced or promoted by AM fungi. Soil aggregation changed significantly only after the study had run for 3 years, was higher in the hyphosphere than in the root compartment, and showed a low but positive relation with the successional age of the communities. The activity of phosphatase, but not casein-protease and beta-glucosidase, increased with successional age. Therefore, soil aggregation and enzyme activities associated with AM fungal communities seemed resilient because casein-protease and beta-glucosidase were unchanged, and aggregation and phosphatase were reduced by rangeland management but recovered with successional time.

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Acknowledgments

S. M. Carrillo-Saucedo thanks Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas at Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México as well as Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) for a scholarship during her PhD studies. This research was supported by Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico (DGAPA) from Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) through project PAPIIT-IN224010 and CONACyT projects SEP-CONACyT 2009-129740 and 2015-255544. We thank Francisco Mora for statistical guidance and Emanuel García, Gustavo Verduzco Robles, Abel Verduzco Robles, Yolanda García and Ana Lidia Sandoval Pérez for technical assistance. We thank also Raúl Ahedo, Manuel Maass and Ma. Eugenia González for rainfall and temperature data.

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  1. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Exhacienda San José de la Huerta, C.P. 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico

    Silvia Margarita Carrillo-Saucedo & Mayra E. Gavito

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  1. Silvia Margarita Carrillo-Saucedo
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Conceived research: SMCS, MEG

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Analyzed data: SMCS, MEG

Wrote the manuscript: SMCS, MEG

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Correspondence to Mayra E. Gavito.

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Carrillo-Saucedo, S.M., Gavito, M.E. Resilience of soil aggregation and exocellular enzymatic functions associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities along a successional gradient in a tropical dry forest. Mycorrhiza 30, 109–120 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-019-00928-9

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