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Zircon U–Pb and geochemistry of the north Shahrekord metamorphosed felsic rocks: implications for the Ediacaran–Cambrian tectonic setting of Iran

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Abstract

The basement felsic igneous rocks associated with the continental tectonic zones of Iran are key elements that contain a well-preserved geological record of the protracted evolutionary history of the North Gondwana margin within the Ediacaran–Cambrian timespan. Two distinct Ediacaran–Cambrian magmatic pulses are recognized in the North Shahrekord Metamorphic Complex (NSMC) as a part of the Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone (SaSZ) in Iran. The NSMC is defined by a Pan-African/Cadomian basement dominated by two felsic suites of granitic gneisses and meta-granitoids, which have experienced mylonitization and high-grade metamorphism. Zircon U–Pb dating displays magmatic crystallization ages of 555 ± 7 Ma and 561 ± 10 Ma corresponding to the Late Neoproterozoic (Ediacaran) for the granitic gneisses. Geochemically, the gneisses are differentiated as I-type granites and subalkaline in composition, and similar to the mylonitic meta-granitoids with characteristics similar to those of both I-type and A-type characters, have an affinity to Cordilleran granites. Considering the enrichment in LILEs (e.g., Rb, Th, and U), depletion in HFSEs (e.g., Nb, Ta, and Ti), high ratios of Th/La and Th/Zr, low Nb/U ratio, Y/Nb ratio > 1.2, and low Mg# reported from both felsic rocks and high initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio (0.71088 to 0.74514), negative ƐNd(555 Ma) value (− 3.7 to − 2.3) and Nd model age (TDM2 = 1.40 to 1.51 Ga) reported from the granitic gneisses, a protolith probably derived from partial melting of a common pre-existing felsic crustal source is plausible. Available data indicate that the source magma of the granitic gneisses may have been generated within the Ediacaran convergent margin environment during the subduction of proto-Tethys under north Gondwana before thinning lithospheric and formation of the Middle Cambrian meta-granitoids, as with other peri-Gondwana terranes.

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Acknowledgements

The research was partly financially supported by Shahrekord University, Iran (No. 98GRD1M1214), Nagoya University, Japan (JSPS KAKENHI grant no. 17H01671), and Foundation for Science and Technology, Portugal (Geobiotec: UID/GEO/04035/2019). We are very grateful to Prof. Yunpeng Dong, and Dr. Hadi Shafaii Moghadam for their constructive comments and suggestions that helped to improve the manuscript. Editorial handeling and suggestions by Topic Editor Prof. Jean Francois Moyen and Editor-in-Chief Prof. Wolf-Christian Dullo are highly appreciated. The authors also greatfully acknowledge Dr. T. Nazari-Dehkordi for editing the English.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

    Arezoo Moradi, Nahid Shabanian & Ali Reza Davoudian

  2. Mining Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

    Hossein Azizi

  3. Geobiotec Research Unit, Department of Geosciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal

    José Francisco Santos

  4. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Furo-Cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan

    Yoshihiro Asahara

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  1. Arezoo Moradi
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  2. Nahid Shabanian
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  3. Ali Reza Davoudian
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  4. Hossein Azizi
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  5. José Francisco Santos
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  6. Yoshihiro Asahara
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Correspondence to Nahid Shabanian.

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Moradi, A., Shabanian, N., Davoudian, A.R. et al. Zircon U–Pb and geochemistry of the north Shahrekord metamorphosed felsic rocks: implications for the Ediacaran–Cambrian tectonic setting of Iran. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 111, 2239–2263 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-022-02225-x

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