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Cystic kidney diseases associated with mutations in phosphomannomutase 2 promotor: a large spectrum of phenotypes

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Abstract

Background

Co-occurrence of polycystic kidney disease and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia has been reported in children in a few families associated with a variant in the promotor of the PMM2 gene, at position -167 upstream of the coding sequence. PMM2 encodes phosphomannomutase 2, a key enzyme in N-glycosylation. While biallelic coding PMM2 mutations are involved in congenital disorder of glycosylation CDG1A, that particular variant in the promoter of the gene, either in the homozygous state or associated with a mutation in the coding exons of the gene, is thought to restrict the N-glycosylation defect to the kidney and the pancreas.

Methods

Targeted exome sequencing of a panel of genes involved in monogenic kidney diseases.

Results

We identified a PMM2 variant at position -167 associated with a pathogenic PMM2 variant in the coding exons in 3 families, comprising 6 cases affected with a cystic kidney disease. The spectrum of phenotypes was very broad, from extremely enlarged fetal cystic kidneys in the context of a COACH-like syndrome, to isolated cystic kidney disease with small kidneys, slowly progressing toward kidney failure in adulthood. Hypoglycemia was reported only in one case.

Conclusion

These data show that the PMM2 promotor variation, in trans of a PMM2 coding mutation, is associated with a wide spectrum of kidney phenotypes, and is not always associated with extra-renal symptoms. When present, extra-renal defects may include COACH-like syndrome. These data prompt screening of PMM2 in unresolved cases of fetal hyperechogenic/cystic kidneys as well as in cystic kidney disease in children and adults.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all patients and families. We thank all clinicians who recorded data in health records. We thank Patrick Nitschké from the Bioinformatic Plateform, Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, and Cecile Fourrage from the Genetic Department, APHP, Hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants malades, Paris, France, for their help with NGS.

Funding

This work was supported by state funding from the gence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) under “Investissements d’avenir” program (ANR-10-IAHU-01) and by a public grant overseen by the ANR as part of the second “Investissements d’Avenir” program (reference: ANR-17-RHUS-0002).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. APHP, Service de Génétique moléculaire, Hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants malades, F-75015, Paris, France

    Guillaume Dorval, Vincent Morinière & Carole Tournant

  2. Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France

    Guillaume Dorval, Cécile Jeanpierre, Marie-Claire Gubler, Sophie Saunier & Laurence Heidet

  3. APHP, Embryofœtopathologie, Service d’Histologie-Embryologie-Cytogénétique, Hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants malades, F-75015, Paris, France

    Bettina Bessières & Tania Attié-Bittach

  4. Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France

    Tania Attié-Bittach & Jeanne Amiel

  5. APHP, Service de Génétique, Hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants malades, F-75015, Paris, France

    Jeanne Amiel

  6. APHP, Service d’Obstétrique et Médecine fœtale, Hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants malades, F-75015, Paris, France

    Emmanuel Spaggari & Yves Ville

  7. EA 7328, Université de Paris, Paris, France

    Yves Ville

  8. Service de Néphrologie pédiatrique, Hôpital universitaire de Tours, Tours, France

    Elodie Merieau

  9. APHP, Service de Néphrologie pédiatrique, Centre de Référence MARHEA, Hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants malades, 149 rue de Sèvres, F-75015, Paris, France

    Laurence Heidet

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  1. Guillaume Dorval
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Correspondence to Laurence Heidet.

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Dorval, G., Jeanpierre, C., Morinière, V. et al. Cystic kidney diseases associated with mutations in phosphomannomutase 2 promotor: a large spectrum of phenotypes. Pediatr Nephrol 36, 2361–2369 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-021-04953-9

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