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Anatomical and functional connectomes underlying hierarchical visual processing in mouse visual system

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Abstract

Over the last 10 years, there has been a surge in interest in the rodent visual system resulting from the discovery of visual processing functions shared with primates V1, and of a complex anatomical structure in the extrastriate visual cortex. This surprisingly intricate visual system was elucidated by recent investigations using rapidly growing genetic tools primarily available in the mouse. Here, we examine the structural and functional connections of visual areas that have been identified in mice mostly during the past decade, and the impact of these findings on our understanding of brain functions associated with vision. Special attention is paid to structure–function relationships arising from the hierarchical organization, which is a prominent feature of the primate visual system. Recent evidence supports the existence of a hierarchical organization in rodents that contains levels that are poorly resolved relative to those observed in primates. This shallowness of the hierarchy indicates that the mouse visual system incorporates abundant non-hierarchical processing. Thus, the mouse visual system provides a unique opportunity to study non-hierarchical processing and its relation to hierarchical processing.

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Fig. 1

adapted from Felleman and Van Essen (1991)) and mice (adapted from Gămănuţ et al. 2018), at the same scale. In macaque cortex, areas V1 and V2 were separated along their border during flattening. B The flattened neocortex of mice (same as in panel A), magnified ten times. In both panels, the coloured areas represent visual areas, while the white areas are non-visual areas. The areas coloured in orange belong to the ventral stream, while the areas coloured in blue are in the dorsal stream. The purple areas are other visual areas

Fig. 2

Modified from Vezoli et al. (2021). B, C Modified from Siegle et al. (2021)

Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Henry Kennedy, Andreas Burkhalter, Marcello Rosa, Federico Rossi and David Reser for helpful comments and suggestions.

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RG: DE190100157 (Australian Research Council).

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  1. Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia

    Răzvan Gămănuţ & Daisuke Shimaoka

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Gămănuţ, R., Shimaoka, D. Anatomical and functional connectomes underlying hierarchical visual processing in mouse visual system. Brain Struct Funct 227, 1297–1315 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-021-02415-4

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