Abstract
Main conclusion
dnal7, a novel allelic variant of the OsHSP40, affects rice plant architecture and grain yield by coordinating auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellic acids.
Abstract
Plant height and leaf morphology are the most important traits of the ideal plant architecture (IPA), and discovering related genes is critical for breeding high-yield rice. Here, a dwarf and narrow leaf 7 (dnal7) mutant was identified from a γ-ray treated mutant population, which exhibits pleiotropic effects, including dwarfing, narrow leaves, small seeds, and low grain yield per plant compared to the wild type (WT). Histological analysis showed that the number of veins and the distance between adjacent small veins (SVs) were significantly reduced compared to the WT, indicating that DNAL7 controls leaf size by regulating the formation of veins. Map-based cloning and transgenic complementation revealed that DNAL7 is allelic to NAL11, which encodes OsHSP40, and the deletion of 2 codons in dnal7 destroyed the His-Pro-Asp (HPD) motif of OsHSP40. In addition, expression of DNAL7 in both WT and dnal7 gradually increased with the increase of temperature in the range of 27–31 °C. Heat stress significantly affected the seedling height and leaf width of the dnal7 mutant. A comparative transcriptome analysis of WT and dnal7 revealed that DNAL7 influenced multiple metabolic pathways, including plant hormone signal transduction, carbon metabolism, and biosynthesis of amino acids. Furthermore, the contents of the cytokinins in leaf blades were much higher in dnal7 than in the WT, whereas the contents of auxins were lower in dnal7. The contents of bioactive gibberellic acids (GAs) including GA1, GA3, and GA4 in shoots were decreased in dnal7. Thus, DNAL7 regulates rice plant architecture by coordinating the balance of auxins, cytokinins, and GAs. These results indicate that OsHSP40 is a pleiotropic gene, which plays an important role in improving rice yield and plant architecture.
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Data availability
The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article and Supplementary materials, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author. The raw data of RNA-seq generated are available in the Sequencing Read Archive (SRA) of NCBI (PRJNA1016282).
Abbreviations
- DAG:
-
Day after germination
- GA:
-
Gibberellic acid
- HSP:
-
Heat shock protein
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Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-01-08), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31960400), Major Discipline Academic and Technical Leaders Training Program of Jiangxi Province (20213BCJL22044), Hubei Province Natural Science Foundation of China (2022CFB017), Jiangxi Technology Innovation Guidance Program (20223AEI91010), and Jiangxi Province Natural Science Foundation (20232BAB205033, 20232BAB205017, and 20224BAB215008).
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JW and HX designed the experiments and analyzed the data; JW, WL, KL, JP, XZ, LL, MQ, WC, LL, WX, YL, and YC performed most of the experiments; JW and HX completed the writing. HX agreed to serve as the author responsible for contact and ensures communication. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Wang, J., Long, W., Pan, J. et al. DNAL7, a new allele of NAL11, has major pleiotropic effects on rice architecture. Planta 259, 93 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-024-04376-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-024-04376-4