Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of high-intensity aerobic interval training (AIT) on exercise hemodynamics in metabolic syndrome (MetS) volunteers.
Methods
Thirty-eight, MetS participants were randomly assigned to a training (TRAIN) or to a non-training control (CONT) group. TRAIN consisted of stationary interval cycling alternating bouts at 70–90% of maximal heart rate during 45 min day−1 for 6 months.
Results
CONT maintained baseline physical activity and no changes in cardiovascular function or MetS factors were detected. In contrast, TRAIN increased cardiorespiratory fitness (14% in VO2PEAK; 95% CI 9–18%) and improved metabolic syndrome (−42% in Z score; 95% CI 83–1%). After TRAIN, the workload that elicited a VO2 of 1500 ml min−1 increased 15% (95% CI 5–25%; P < 0.001). After TRAIN when subjects pedaled at an identical submaximal rate of oxygen consumption, cardiac output increased by 8% (95% CI 4–11%; P < 0.01) and stroke volume by 10% (95% CI, 6–14%; P < 0.005) being above the CONT group values at that time point. TRAIN reduced submaximal exercise heart rate (109 ± 15–106 ± 13 beats min−1; P < 0.05), diastolic blood pressure (83 ± 8–75 ± 8 mmHg; P < 0.001) and systemic vascular resistances (P < 0.01) below CONT values. Double product was reduced only after TRAIN (18.2 ± 3.2–17.4 ± 2.4 bt min−1 mmHg 10−3; P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The data suggest that intense aerobic interval training improves hemodynamics during submaximal exercise in MetS patients. Specifically, it reduces diastolic blood pressure, systemic vascular resistances, and the double product. The reduction in double product, suggests decreased myocardial oxygen demands which could prevent the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events during exercise in this population.
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier
NCT03019796.
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Abbreviations
- BMI:
-
Body mass index
- CVD:
-
Cardiovascular disease
- CRF:
-
Cardiorespiratory fitness
- DBP:
-
Diastolic blood pressure
- DP:
-
Double product
- GXT:
-
Graded exercise testing
- MetS:
-
Metabolic syndrome
- SBP:
-
Systolic blood pressure
- W MAX :
-
Maximal power output
- VO2PEAK :
-
Peak oxygen consumption rate
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Acknowledgements
This study was partially funded by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competivity (DEP-2014-52930-R).
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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
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Communicated by Carsten Lundby.
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Mora-Rodriguez, R., Fernandez-Elias, V.E., Morales-Palomo, F. et al. Aerobic interval training reduces vascular resistances during submaximal exercise in obese metabolic syndrome individuals. Eur J Appl Physiol 117, 2065–2073 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-017-3697-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-017-3697-7