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400 Years of summer hydroclimate from stable isotopes in Iberian trees

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Abstract

Tree rings are natural archives that annually record distinct types of past climate variability depending on the parameters measured. Here, we use ring-width and stable isotopes in cellulose of trees from the northwestern Iberian Peninsula (IP) to understand regional summer hydroclimate over the last 400 years and the associated atmospheric patterns. Correlations between tree rings and climate data demonstrate that isotope signatures in the targeted Iberian pine forests are very sensitive to water availability during the summer period, and are mainly controlled by stomatal conductance. Non-linear methods based on extreme events analysis allow for capturing distinct seasonal climatic variability recorded by tree-ring parameters and asymmetric signals of the associated atmospheric features. Moreover, years with extreme high (low) values in the tree-ring records were characterised by coherent large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns with reduced (enhanced) moisture transport onto the northwestern IP. These analyses of extremes revealed that high/low proxy values do not necessarily correspond to mirror images in the atmospheric anomaly patterns, suggesting different drivers of these patterns and the corresponding signature recorded in the proxies. Regional hydroclimate features across the broader IP and western Europe during extreme wet/dry summers detected by the northwestern IP trees compare favourably to independent multicentury sea level pressure and drought reconstructions for Europe. Historical records also validate our findings that attribute non-linear moisture signals recorded by extreme tree-ring values to distinct large-scale atmospheric patterns and allow for 400-year reconstructions of the frequency of occurrence of extreme conditions in late spring and summer hydroclimate.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Oriol Bosch and Octavi Planells for their participation in sampling and laboratory work. Use of the following data sets is gratefully acknowledged: Global Precipitation Climatology Centre data by the German Weather Service (DWD) accessed through http://gpcc.dwd.de; SAT by the Climate Research Unit at the University of East Anglia; NNR data provided by NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA, through their website http://www.cdc.noaa.gov; and the 20CR Project supported by the U.S. DOE, Office of Science Innovative and Novel Computational Impact on Theory and Experiment program, and Office of Biological and Environmental Research, and by the NOAA Climate Program Office. This research was partially supported by the EU project ISONET (Contract EV K2-2001-00237) and the EU FP6 project Millennium (GOCE 017008). L.A.H. was supported by the Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship PIOF-GA-2009-253277 grant within the FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF program. CCU was supported by the Penzance and John P. Chase Memorial Endowed Funds and the Investment in Science Fund at WHOI. This is LDEO Contribution #8053.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tree-Ring Laboratory, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY, 10964, USA

    Laia Andreu-Hayles & Edward R. Cook

  2. Department of Physical Oceanography, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA

    Caroline C. Ummenhofer

  3. Department of History and Archaeology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Mariano Barriendos

  4. Institut Català Ciències del Clima (IC3), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain

    Laia Andreu-Hayles & Mariano Barriendos

  5. Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, German Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany

    Gerhard H. Schleser & Gerhard Helle

  6. Research Center Juelich Institute of Bio-and Geosciences, Agrosphere (IBG-3), Juelich, Germany

    Gerhard H. Schleser

  7. Climate and Environmental Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

    Markus Leuenberger

  8. Department of Ecology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Emilia Gutiérrez

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  1. Laia Andreu-Hayles
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Correspondence to Laia Andreu-Hayles or Caroline C. Ummenhofer.

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Andreu-Hayles, L., Ummenhofer, C.C., Barriendos, M. et al. 400 Years of summer hydroclimate from stable isotopes in Iberian trees. Clim Dyn 49, 143–161 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-3332-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-3332-z

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