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Nanofibrous chitosan/polyethylene oxide silver/hydroxyapatite/silica composite as a potential biomaterial for local treatment of periodontal disease

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Abstract

Periodontal disease is a set of inflammatory conditions affecting the tissues surrounding the teeth, which can be fairly preventable. In this research, antibacterial polymeric nanofibers were prepared for the management of periodontal disease treatment. New hybrid organic/inorganic nanofibers of chitosan/polyethylene oxide (CS/PEO) contains doxycycline hyclate (DOXH) (as an antibacterial drug) and silver/hydroxyapatite/silica (Ag/HA/Si) nanocomposite (CS/PEO-DOXH-Ag/HA/Si) fabricated by electrospinning technique. The nanofibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In vitro release profile, degradation (DE) test, swelling (SW) test, antimicrobial activity and cell viability were also obtained. The DOXH release profile was measured by ultraviolet visible (UV–Vis) spectrophotometer in artificial saliva (pH 6.8) at 37 °C. The application of Ag/HA/Si increased the morphological integrity during the degradation process and decreased the rate of drug delivery. The electrospun nanofibers showed an enhanced antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) bacterium strains with the lowest DOXH amount, which can reduce the high dosage of antibiotics and side effects. Cell viability assays revealed that the prepared nanofibers had no cytotoxicity against the human gingival fibroblast 2 (HGF-2) cell line. The results suggest that the prepared organic/inorganic hybrid nanofibers with drug delivery properties could be a promising candidate for the treatment of periodontal diseases.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the research deputy of Zanjan University of Medical Science (ZUMS) for the financial support of this project (Grant Number: A-12-349-44 and ethical code: IR.ZUMS.REC.1399.339).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Student Research Committee, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran

    Fatemeh Hakimi

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran

    Fatemeh Hakimi, Somayeh Sadighian & Ali Ramazani

  3. Department of Textile Engineering, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, Iran

    Samaneh Hashemikia

  4. Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran

    Ali Ramazani

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Hakimi, F., Hashemikia, S., Sadighian, S. et al. Nanofibrous chitosan/polyethylene oxide silver/hydroxyapatite/silica composite as a potential biomaterial for local treatment of periodontal disease. Polym. Bull. 80, 8703–8723 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-022-04466-x

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