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Synthesis and characterization of cost-effective industrial discarded natural ceramic particulates from Cymbopogon flexuosus plant shoot for potential polymer/metal matrix reinforcement

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Abstract

Use of agricultural waste for biocomposite is one of the main concerns of researchers because the waste is an abundant, economic, and eco-friendly source. Agro wastes of Cymbopogon flexuosus plant shoot (CFPS) from an oil extraction industry was analyzed for its feasibility as reinforcement in a metal matrix composite and as a lignocellulosic filler in a polymer matrix composite. In this study, non-carbonized and carbonized CFPS wastes were characterized by using a combination of spectroscopic and chemical techniques. The carbonized CFPS is rich in SiO2 along with other traces of hard ceramic particles as authenticated by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy. The presence of siloxane and silanol elemental groups was also confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy data. Similarly, Fourier transform infrared and the X-ray diffraction spectroscopy analysis on powdered non-carbonized CFPS waste confirmed the semi-crystalline nature of the CFPS with a higher crystallinity index. Moreover, the non-carbonized CFPS had a rough surface, as confirmed by atomic force microscope and scanning electron microscope analyses. Hence, the experimental data highlighted the feasibility of the CFPS waste as filler and a substitute for silica-based inorganic fillers/reinforcement for composites in enhancing its properties.

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Acknowledgements

SR acknowledges the Rohini College of Engineering and Technology, Shiv Kumar—copyeditor, and Pinnacle Bio-Sciences for providing research lab facilities to carry out his research work.

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Noorul Islam Centre For Higher Education, Kumaracoil, Tamil Nadu, 629180, India

    Raja Soma Sundaram Pillai & Isaac Rajamony Suthies Goldy

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rohini College of Engineering and Technology, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, 629401, India

    Rajesh Rajamoni & Indran Suyambulingam

  3. Research and Development Department, Pinnacle Bio-Sciences, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, 629701, India

    Divya Divakaran

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  1. Raja Soma Sundaram Pillai
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Correspondence to Rajesh Rajamoni.

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Soma Sundaram Pillai, R., Rajamoni, R., Suyambulingam, I. et al. Synthesis and characterization of cost-effective industrial discarded natural ceramic particulates from Cymbopogon flexuosus plant shoot for potential polymer/metal matrix reinforcement. Polym. Bull. 79, 8765–8806 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-021-03913-5

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