Abstract
Plants interact with a great diversity of microorganisms or insects throughout their life cycle in the environment. Plant and insect interactions are common; besides, a great variety of microorganisms associated with insects can induce pathogenic damage in the host, as mutualist phytopathogenic fungus. However, there are other microorganisms present in the insect-fungal association, whose biological/ecological activities and functions during plant interaction are unknown. In the present work evaluated, the role of microorganisms associated with Xyleborus affinis, an important beetle species within the Xyleborini tribe, is characterized by attacking many plant species, some of which are of agricultural and forestry importance. We isolated six strains of microorganisms associated with X. affinis shown as plant growth-promoting activity and altered the root system architecture independent of auxin-signaling pathway in Arabidopsis seedlings and antifungal activity against the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium sp. INECOL_BM-06. In addition, evaluating the tripartite interaction plant-microorganism-fungus, interestingly, we found that microorganisms can induce protection against the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium sp. INECOL_BM-06 involving the jasmonic acid-signaling pathway and independent of salicylic acid-signaling pathway. Our results showed the important role of this microorganisms during the plant- and insect-microorganism interactions, and the biological potential use of these microorganisms as novel agents of biological control in the crops of agricultural and forestry is important.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) for the grants no. PDCPN-2015-882, FORDECyT-PRONACES 292399. J. F. C.-E. thanks FORDECYT-PRONACES for his postdoctoral fellowship. K. A. M.-V. thanks FORDECYT-PRONACES for his bachelor fellowship. We thank Molecular Biology Laboratory of the Institute of Ecology A. C., for providing us with the strain of the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium sp. INECOL_BM-06. We thank L. A. I.-J. for providing us with Xyleborus affinis beetle for microorganism isolation. We thank B. R.-H. for isolation of DNA and amplification of 16S rRNA gene.
Funding
This work was financed by grants from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT, México, grants PDCPN-2015–882 and FORDECYT-PRONACES 292399).
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JFCE, KAMV, DSR, LAIJ, and ROC conceived and designed the experiments; JFCE, KAMV, GHRS, and BRH performed experiments; JFCE, KAMV, and ROC analyzed the data; ROC contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools; JFCE and ROC wrote the paper; and JFCE and ROC reviewed and edited the paper. DSR and ROC applied for funding.
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Castillo-Esparza, J.F., Mora-Velasco, K.A., Rosas-Saito, G.H. et al. Microorganisms Associated with the Ambrosial Beetle Xyleborus affinis with Plant Growth-Promotion Activity in Arabidopsis Seedlings and Antifungal Activity Against Phytopathogenic Fungus Fusarium sp. INECOL_BM-06. Microb Ecol 85, 1396–1411 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-022-01998-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-022-01998-7