SpringerLink
Log in

Time-varying harmonic distortions in AC drives

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Electrical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A major part of the adjustable speed drive system is the converters fed by switched-mode power supplies with a bridge pulse topology. This bridge produces in the supply network currents with harmonic components. Thus, it is mandatory to map the time-varying harmonic distortion index caused by the controllers. This paper analyzes through computational simulations the influence of a sensor-less field-oriented control system in the generation of harmonics in time. Through the sliding window recursive-discrete, Fourier Transforms currents were decomposed into harmonic time-varying harmonics signals. Total time-varying harmonic distortions were calculated according to the IEEE 1459 standard. The total harmonic distortion function was obtained applying a curve fitting technique. Total harmonic distortion varying in time of grid currents showed values of less than 3%. The harmonic distortion increases in stator currents due to the action of the torque controllers. Engineers and researchers can use this total time-varying harmonic distortions to improve adjustable speed drive control systems minimizing the injection of harmonics the electric power system.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Kazemi-Robati E, Sepasian MS (2019) Passive harmonic filter planning considering daily load variations and distribution system reconfiguration, Electric Power Systems Research, 166, no. August 2018, 125–135. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2018.09.019

  2. Melo ID, Pereira JL, Variz AM, Ribeiro PF (2020) Allocation and sizing of single tuned passive filters in three-phase distribution systems for power quality improvement, Electric power systems research, 180, no. November 2019, 106128. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2019.106128

  3. Aleem SH, Elmathana MT, Zobaa AF (2013) Different design approaches of shunt passive harmonic filters based on IEEE Std. 519–1992 and IEEE Std. 18–2002. Recent Pat Elect Electron Eng 6(1):68–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Caetano WD, da Silva Jota PR (2016) Load static models for conservation voltage reduction in the presence of harmonics. Energy Power Eng 08(02):62–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Kumar N, Kumar A (2019) Analysis of distribution systems in the presence of nonlinear load and substation voltage harmonics, Int Trans Elect Energy Syst, 29(11)

  6. Elkholy MM, El-Hameed MA, El-Fergany AA (2018) Harmonic analysis of hybrid renewable microgrids comprising optimal design of passive filters and uncertainties,” Electric Power Systems Research, 163,July, 491–501. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2018.07.023

  7. Ali ZM, Alenezi FQ, Kandil SS, Abdel Aleem SH (2018) Practical considerations for reactive power sharing approaches among multiple-arm passive filters in non-sinusoidal power systems, Int J Elect Power Energy Syst, 103, March, 660–675. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2018.06.044

  8. Abdelhady S, Osama A, Shaban A, Elbayoumi M (2020) A real-time optimization of reactive power for an intelligent system using genetic algorithm. IEEE Access 8:11 991-12 000

  9. Abdel Aleem SH, Zobaa AF, Balci ME (2017) Optimal resonance-free third-order high-pass filters based on minimization of the total cost of the filters using crow search algorithm, Elect Power Syst Res, 151, 381–394. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2017.06.009

  10. Fonseca Buzo R, De Oliveira LCO, Le ao FB (2020) A new method for dimensioning and designing the zero-sequence electromagnetic filter considering system displacement power factor. IEEE Trans Power Deliv 35(3):1071–1082

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Labrador Rivas AE, da Silva N, Abr ao T (2020) Adaptive current harmonic estimation under fault conditions for smart grid systems, Elect Power Syst Res, 183, no. January

  12. Beltran-Carbajal F, Tapia-Olvera R (2020) An adaptive neural online estimation approach of harmonic components,” Elect Power Syst Res, 186, no. April, 106406. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106406

  13. Ortmeyer TH, Chakravarthi KR, Mahmoud AA (1985) The effects of power system harmonics on power system equipment and loads. IEEE Trans Power Appar Syst PAS–104(9):2555–2563

    Google Scholar 

  14. Mishra A, Tripathi PM, Chatterjee K (2018) A review of harmonic elimination techniques in grid connected doubly fed induction generator based wind energy system, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 89, no. September 2017, 1–15. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.02.039

  15. Sezgin E, Göl M, Salor Ö (2016) State-estimation-based determination of harmonic current contributions of iron and steel plants supplied from PCC. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 52(3):2654–2663

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Melo ID, Pereira JL, Ribeiro PF, Variz AM, Oliveira BC (2019) Harmonic state estimation for distribution systems based on optimization models considering daily load profiles, Elect Power Syst Res 170, no. January, 303–316. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2019.01.033

  17. Chan MY, Lee KK, Fung MW (2007) A case study survey of harmonic currents generated from a computer centre in an office building. Archit Sci Rev 50(3):274–280

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kularbphettong K, Boonseng C (2020) HPFs filtering solutions for reduced the harmonic current generated by SMPS and ac drive systems, Energy Rep, 6, 648–658. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2019.11.133

  19. Khergade A, Satputaley RJ, Borghate VB, Raghava BV (2020) Harmonics reduction of adjustable speed drive using multi-objective dynamic voltage restorer, 2020 IEEE International conference on power electronics, smart grid and renewable energy, PESGRE 2020, pp. 1–6

  20. Moradifar A, Foroud AA, Firouzjah KG (2017) Intelligent localisation of multiple non-linear loads considering impact of harmonic state estimation accuracy. IET Gener, Trans Distrib 11(8):1943–1953

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Karimzadeh F, Esmaeili S, Hosseinian SH (2016) Method for determining utility and consumer harmonic contributions based on complex independent component analysis. IET Gener, Trans Distrib 10(2):526–534

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Bensiali N, Etien E, Benalia N (2015) Convergence analysis of back-EMF MRAS observers used in sensorless control of induction motor drives, Math Compu Simul, 115: 12–23. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matcom.2015.04.002

  23. Zorgani YA, Koubaa Y, Boussak M (2016) MRAS state estimator for speed sensorless ISFOC induction motor drives with Luenberger load torque estimation, ISA Trans 61: 308–317. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2015.12.015

  24. Giribabu D, Srivastava SP, Pathak MK (2019) Modified reference model for rotor flux-based MRAS speed observer using neural network controller, IETE J Res, 65(1): 80–95. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1080/03772063.2017.1407267

  25. Zaky MS, Metwaly MK, Azazi HZ, Deraz SA (2018) Performance of a modified stator current based model reference adaptive system observer in sensorless induction motor drives, Elect Power Compon Syst, 46(16-17): 1857–1871. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1080/15325008.2018.1527866

  26. Benlaloui I, Drid S, Chrifi-Alaoui L, Ouriagli M (2015) Implementation of a new MRAS speed sensorless vector control of induction machine. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 30(2):588–595

  27. Duque CA, Silveira PM, Baldwin TL, Ribeiro PF (2010) Tracking simultaneous time-varying power harmonic distortions using filter banks, In: Conference record - industrial and commercial power systems technical Conference, 1–9

  28. Carvalho TC, Cuk V, Duque CA, Silveira PM, Mendes MA, Ribeiro PF (2014) A verification experiment for comparing digital and analog measurements of time-varying harmonics, IEEE power and energy society general meeting, 2014-October, no. October, 2–6

  29. Fabri DF, Martins CH, Silva LR, Duque CA, Ribeiro PF, Cerqueira AS (2010) Time-varying harmonic analyzer prototype, ICHQP 2010 - 14th international conference on harmonics and quality of power

  30. Martins CH, Silva LM, Duque C, Cerqueira AS, Teixeira EC, Ribeiro PF (2012) A new time-varying harmonic decomposition structure based on recursive hanning window, In: IEEE 15th international conference on harmonics and quality of power

  31. Carvalho TC, Duque CA, Silveira PM, Mendes MA, Ribeiro PF (2012) Review of signal processing techniques for time-varying harmonic decomposition. IEEE Power Energy Soc Gen Meet 1:1–6

    Google Scholar 

  32. Mathworks, Three-phase asynchronous drive with sensorless control,” https://www.mathworks.com/help/physmod/sps/ug/three-phase-asynchronous-drive-with-sensorless-control.html;jsessionid=0e21e139d11035231839dcde3cc0,last accessed on 07/22/20

  33. Ribeiro PF (2009) Time-varying waveform distortions in power systems

  34. Hartley R, Welles K (1990) Recursive computation of the Fourier transform. In: Proceedings - IEEE international symposium on circuits and systems 3(3):1792–1795

  35. Baggini A (2008) Handbook of power quality

  36. “IEEE standard definitions for the measurement of electric power quantities under sinusoidal, nonsinusoidal, balanced, or unbalanced conditions,” In: IEEE Std 1459-2010 (Revision of IEEE Std 1459-2000), 1–50, (2010)

  37. Akima H (1970) A new method of interpolation and smooth curve fitting based on local procedures. J ACM (JACM) 17(4):589–602

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Coordenção de Aperfeiçoamento Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brazil (CAPES), Fundação de Amparo á Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (CNPq) and Instituto Nacional de Energia Elétrica (INERGE) for financial support.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Electrical Systems and Energy, Federal University of Itajubá, Itajubá, MG, Brazil

    Pedro H. Camargos & Paulo F. Ribeiro

  2. Faculty of Science and Technology, Federal University of Goias, Aparecida de Goiânia, Brazil

    Fernando N. Belchior

  3. Department of Electrical Engineering, CEFET-MG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

    Tulio C. O. Carvalho

Authors
  1. Pedro H. Camargos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Paulo F. Ribeiro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Fernando N. Belchior
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Tulio C. O. Carvalho
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Appendix

Appendix

Follow the simulation parameters:

Three-Phase Source

  • Rated voltage: 460 [V]

Three-Phase Transformer

  • Rated power: 200 [kVA]

  • Primary rated voltage: 460 [V]

  • Secondary rated voltage: 400 [V]

  • Primary resistance: 0.01 [pu]

  • Secondary resistance: 0.01 [pu]

  • Primary leakage inductance: 0.38 [pu]

  • Secondary leakage inductance: 0.05 [pu]

Six-Pulse Three-Phase Controlled Rectifier/Inverter

  • Forward voltage: 0.8 [V]

  • Threshold voltage: 0.5 [V]

  • Secondary rated voltage: 400 [V]

  • Capacitance: 5000 [\(\mu F\)]

DC Bus Capacitor

  • Capacitance: 5000 [\(\mu F\)]

Asynchronous Machine Squirrel Cage

  • Rated power: 164 [kW]

  • Rated voltage: 550 [V]

  • Pole pairs: 2

  • Nominal frequency: 60 [Hz]

  • Stator resistance: 0.0139 [pu]

  • Stator leakage inductance: 0.0672 [pu]

  • Rotor resistance: 0.0112 [pu]

  • Rotor leakage inductance: 0.0672 [pu]

  • Magnetizing inductance: 2.717 [pu]

  • Moment of inertia: 0.2734 [s]

  • Friction Coefficient: 0.0106 [pu]

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Camargos, P.H., Ribeiro, P.F., Belchior, F.N. et al. Time-varying harmonic distortions in AC drives. Electr Eng 104, 2967–2977 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-022-01525-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-022-01525-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation