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Surface topography in machining Ti alloys for biomedical applications: correlative microscopy approach for qualitative and quantitative analysis

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Abstract

V-free Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy may be an interesting candidate as a substitute to the traditional Ti-6Al-4V alloy on the development of biomedical components. The inspection of surface integrity through digital microscopy techniques shows strong potential for comparative analysis and optimization of manufacturing processes. This work deals with the comparative analysis of turned surfaces of dual-phase (α+β) titanium alloys: Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-7Nb, under different cutting conditions. Digital image processing and analysis technique has been used to evaluate the volume fraction of phases and their distribution. An innovative methodology for digitizing the surface topography was applied, based on the association of modern microscopy techniques with digital image processing-correlative microscopy. The global outcomes show that Ti-6Al-4V samples presented better homogeneity, with a mean β volume fraction of about 17%, compared to 11% of Ti-6Al-7Nb samples. The combination of higher feed rate and lower velocity produce rougher topography for both alloys, while the topographic formation obtained by the combination of lower feed rate and higher velocity seems smoother. In addition, Ti-6Al-4V alloy presents rougher topography in comparison topography of Ti-6Al-7Nb, under all conditions, probably due to the different phase distribution. The correlative microscopy allowed a correspondence between the cutting conditions and the microstructural properties of both Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-7Nb alloys, through the analysis of the machined surface.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge Project No. 031556-FCT/02/SAICT/2017; FAMASI— Sustainable and intelligent manufacturing by machining, financed by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), POCI, Portugal, in the scope of TEMA, Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation – UID/EMS/00481/2013. The authors also acknowledge TiFast S.R.L., from Italy, for providing the Ti alloys.

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No funding was received to assist with the preparation of this manuscript.

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation Engineering –TEMA, University of Aveiro, Campus Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal

    Sílvia Carvalho, Ana Horovistiz & J. Paulo Davim

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  1. Sílvia Carvalho
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  2. Ana Horovistiz
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  3. J. Paulo Davim
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Manuscript title: Surface topography in machining Ti alloys for biomedical applications: Correlative microscopy approach for qualitative and quantitative analysis. All persons who meet authorship criteria are listed as authors, and all authors certify that they have participated sufficiently in the work to take public responsibility for the content, including participation in the conceptualization, methodology, analysis, and writing of the manuscript. Furthermore, each author certifies that this material or similar material has not been and will not be submitted to or published in any other publication before its appearance in Advanced Manufacturing Technology. Authorship specific contributions: Sílvia Carvalho: experimental work, Ana Horovistiz: conceptualization, methodology, writing—original draft preparation, J. Paulo Davim: conceptualization, supervision.

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Correspondence to Ana Horovistiz.

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Carvalho, S., Horovistiz, A. & Davim, J.P. Surface topography in machining Ti alloys for biomedical applications: correlative microscopy approach for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 114, 683–694 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-06824-x

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