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Evaluating the Spatial Distribution of Thermal Comfort Conditions in a High-Elevated Cold City Centre, Erzurum

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Abstract

Altered characteristics of urban microclimates elongating the daily and seasonal exposure periods to heat stress and enlarging the size of the thermal uncomfortable urban surfaces. This situation is human thermal comfort conditions negatively which in turn affect public health and wellbeing. The aim of this study is to determine the spatial distribution of thermal comfort conditions in the neighbourhood of Yakutiye, the center of Erzurum city over the hottest 2 months of the year (July and August) based on long term (2004–2020) meteorological data to show the impact of urban areas on thermal comfort conditions where structured surfaces are dominant. PET index was used to calculate thermal comfort conditions through RayMan model and ArcGIS 10.5 software for their spatial distribution. It was seen as the result of the study that solar radiation and wind are two effective factors on thermal comfort contrarily to each other depending on the characteristics of the city in the mentioned period. Overheating by solar radiation due to concrete structured urban surface is tolerated by north-easterly cool winds. However, lack of moisture source (i.e. green areas) to moderate heat and cold stress is one of the main causes of thermally uncomfortable periods and areas in the city center. In order to improve such negative conditions, mitigating efforts should be focused on creating city parts that comply with spatial planning and design principles, taking into account all natural and human factors from a geographical perspective.

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Availability of Data and Materials

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

No funding was received for conducting this study. The authors have no financial or proprietary interests in any material discussed in this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ministry of Education, Amasya, Turkey

    Savaş Çağlak

  2. City and Regional Planning Department, Architecture and Design Faculty, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey

    Süleyman Toy

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  1. Savaş Çağlak
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by S.Ç. and S.T. The first draft of the manuscript was written by S.T and both authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Savaş Çağlak.

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Çağlak, S., Toy, S. Evaluating the Spatial Distribution of Thermal Comfort Conditions in a High-Elevated Cold City Centre, Erzurum. Pure Appl. Geophys. 181, 1363–1380 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-024-03446-8

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